从“离身”到“具身”:舞蹈教育的当代转向

From“Disembodied”to“Embodied”:Contemporary Turn of Dance Education

舞蹈本身是一种具身化的表达。然而“离身”的舞蹈教育忽视了身体在舞蹈中的主体作用。在教学中体现出弱化身体感性意识,重言传轻身教的离身倾向,进而使舞蹈教学脱离生活世界,功利化的教学观念占据了主导地位。具身化的舞蹈教育观反对离身的舞蹈教学,主张遵循舞蹈本身的具身特点,以激活身体的感知、培育个性的身体、形塑平衡的身体为教育本质,通过在教学中有意识地对身体感知觉进行解蔽,从而调动身体联觉唤醒身体感性意识;以身体感知促进身体间性,提高身体的交互能力;协调身体与空间的关系,使之达成统一。具身化舞蹈教学帮助个体形成具有感性意识、个性表达、协调时空力的身体能力,实现舞蹈教学人文化的身体转向。具身舞蹈教育突出身体在舞蹈教育中的主体性,发挥身体在舞蹈教学与学习中的重要作用。

The dance itself is an embodied expression.However,the dance education of“disembodied”ignores the main role of the body in the dance.In the teaching,it reflects the tendency of weakening the perceptual consciousness of the body and emphasizing words over example teaching,which then makes the dance teaching divorced from the life world,and the utilitarian teaching concept occupies a dominant position.The embodied dance education view opposes the disembodied dance teaching,advocates following the physical characteristics of dance itself,taking the activation of the body perception,cultivating the personality of the body and the balanced body as the educational essence,and arousing the perceptual consciousness of the body,and improving the interaction between the body and the body and space to achieve unity.Physical dance teaching helps individuals to form the physical ability with perceptual consciousness,personality expression and coordination of time and space force,and realize the physical turn of dance teaching human culture.The embodied dance education highlights the subjectivity of the body in dance education and plays the important role of the body in dance teaching and learning.