宋代士人园林舞蹈空间中所见文本书写与情感表述

Textual Composition and Emotional Expression in Dancing Space of Scholar-Bureaucrats’Gardens in the Song Dynasty

宋代士人时常于私家园林中设宴赏舞,以诗词等文学样式描绘、摹写观舞时的所见所闻与所感所思,由此形成了园林舞蹈空间中由男性士人群体以文字构建而成的文本书写。筵席间舞伎所搬演的舞蹈、主人呈上的佳酿和香暖明亮的烛光等彼此交融、牵缠,带给士人美妙的审美体验,触发了澎湃的文学创作之情,并且共同构成了舞蹈文本书写香暖迷蒙、亦真亦幻的情感底色。在这些文本中可见酒与烛意象的频繁出现及互相叠加。在充满欢愉意味的幻景中,士人群体的情感不免流露出类型化、单一化与扁平化的趋同样态,同时个体情感被无限挤压、遮蔽与消解。在“舞裙歌板尽清欢”的表象之下,是士人群体狂欢式的迷醉与沉陷,是深着人间世乐的眷恋与执着。透过对此空间中文本叙写与情感表达多重向度的追索,可以透过士人之眼重新审视舞伎所展现的般般舞蹈样态,亦可窥见士人隐秘复杂的心路历程和充满矛盾色彩的内心诉求,实乃研究宋代舞蹈史及宋代士人群体心灵发展史的别样路径。

In the Song Dynasty,scholar-bureaucrats frequently held banquets in their private landscape gardens and composed poems,Ci and other literary styles to express their sentiments and thoughts after enjoying dance performances,which formed the textual compositions from the male perspectives in the dancing space of private landscape gardens.The dance performances by domestic female dancers,the wine supplied by masters,and the gentle candlelight mingling together formed wonderful aesthetic experiences,which triggered the enthusiasm for literary creation and constituted the warm and illusory emotional undertones of the dance texts.Thus,wine and candlelight were the common imagery in their poems and Ci.In the illusion full of delightful connotations,the scholar-bureaucrats’collective emotions were inevitably typified,unified,and flattened,while individual emotions were infinitely restricted,concealed,and dissolved.Under the surface of conviviality,it was the scholar-bureaucrats’collective carnival and intoxication,as well as deep attachment to happiness in Saha world.By analyzing the textual composition and emotional expression from multiple perspectives,the paper re-examines the dancing postures presented by female dancers through the eyes of male authors,and probes into the scholar-bureaucrats’complicated inner world full of secrets and contradictions,which provides a special path to study the dance history as well as the development of scholar-bureaucrats’mental outlook in the Song Dynasty.