氏源、话语权与民族志:北美夸扣特尔族影像记录研究

Clan Origin,Discourse,and Ethnography:Issues and Lessons in the Development of Kwakiutl Dance Documentaries

北美夸扣特尔族的舞蹈是被人类学家记载最多的舞蹈之一,其体现了对自然的信仰,是回馈自然、传承家族权力、团结族群的重要仪式。文章聚焦夸扣特尔族舞蹈纪录片的创作与发展,通过梳理夸扣特尔族舞蹈文化的造型、超自然元素与氏族传承,夸扣特尔族舞蹈记录片中话语权的争夺,夸扣特尔族舞蹈影像的发展对中国少数民族舞蹈纪录片拍摄的启示,重点分析和研究传统文化在媒体融合时代的有效传播和生命延续,着重探讨人类学与美学的交叉视角,社会结构和口述性历史以及纪录片的道德空间等话题。研究这一纪录片发展历史中的问题以及当今多元化表达的趋势,对探讨中国民族舞蹈纪录片的创作有重要借鉴意义。

The dance of Kwakiutl from North America is one the most recorded dances by anthropologists,which shows Kwakiutl’s belief in nature and acts as a significant ritual to cherish nature,pass on familial power,and unify the community.The paper emphasizes the creation and development of Kwakiutl dance documentaries by analyzing the postures,supernatural elements,and clan heritage of Kwakiutl dance culture,the struggle for the right to speak in the Kwakiutl dance documentaries,and the revelation of its development on the filming of Chinese ethnic dance documentaries.It probes into issues such as the effective distribution and life continuation of traditional culture in the era of media convergence,the cross-value between anthropology and aesthetics,the respect for social structure and oral history,as well as the moral space of documentaries.The research on the problems in the history of documentary development in facing the trend of diversified expression can bring important references for Chinese folk dance documentaries.