中国竞技体育发展战略的困境及突破路径研究

Strategic Dilemma and Breakthrough Paths for Competitive Sports Development in China

为给中国竞技体育战略发展提供理论支撑与智力支持,主要运用文献资料法、实地调查法等研究方法,对中国竞技体育发展现状进行研究,深入剖析竞技体育战略困境,研究认为:1)中国竞技体育战略的制定必须契合中国经济社会现实并与其他产业战略协同并进;2)中国竞技体育战略历经计划主导萌芽时期、计划市场双控发展时期、回归举国深化时期、计划市场深度融合新时期;3)渐趋缩小区域经济差距,加大经济总量小的区域竞技体育经费投入,实现区域精准竞技体育扶贫,解决竞技体育区域失衡是中国竞技体育战略突破的首要基础;4)不功利、淡金牌,优化区域竞技体育项目分布,合理区域竞技体育资源分配,整合资源,提升资源综合利用效率是中国竞技体育战略突破的内生动力;5)促竞体市场、建竞体法规、立竞技区域协作组织、造竞体区域协作中介是中国竞技体育战略突破的制度改革必然;6)破除以往地理环境、社会经济、竞技体育自身三因素平面线性设计的传统区域理论,构建时空立体网络新区域理论、打造竞技体育区域战略共荣圈,求同存异,优劣互补,横向纵向交叉融合协向共进竞体新局面是中国竞技体育战略突破的理论源;7)实现计划市场深度融合,市场引领计划,依据区域特点制定统分结合,多元多层次的竞体战略目标,创新区域竞体协作机制,搭建竞体优化协作平台是中国竞技体育战略突破的核心。

In order to provide theoretical and intellectual support for the development of competitive sports strategy in China,this study took the current situation of competitive sports development in China as an object by means of literature,investigation and other methods.The aim was to deeply analyze the strategic dilemma of competitive sports and the research drew the following conclusions:1)The formulation of competitive sports strategy in China must conform to the reality of China’s economy and society and coordinate with other industrial strategies.2)China’s competitive sports strategies has gone through such periods as the plan-dominated germination,the doublecontrol development of plan and market,the the deepening period of returning whole country and the new period of deep integration of plan and market.3)It is the first breakthrough basement of China’s competitive sports strategy to gradually narrow the regional economic gap,to increase competitive sports funds investment in regions with small economic aggregate,to achieve precise poverty alleviation of regional competitive sports and eliminate regional imbalance of competitive sports.4)The endogenous power of the breakthrough of China’s competitive sports strategy is the guidance of no utility and no gold medal,is to optimize the distribution of regional competitive sports,to allocate regional competitive sports resources reasonably,to integrate resources and to improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of resources.5)Promoting competitive sports market,building competitive sports laws and regulations,establishing competitive regional cooperative organizations and coordinating intermediaries are the inevitable institutional reforms for the strategic breakthrough.6)The theoretical source of the breakthrough of China’s competitive sports strategy is to break away from the traditional regional theory of three-dimensional linear design of geographical environment,social economy and competitive sports itself,build a new area theory of space-time network,build a regional strategy for competitive sports,seek common ground while reserving differences,complement advantages and disadvantages,and integrate horizontally and vertically to advance competitive sports.7)The core of China’s competitive sports strategy breakthrough is to realize the in-depth integration of planning market,market leading plan,formulate the unified and decentralized combination according to regional characteristics,multi-level competitive sports strategic objectives,innovate regional competitive sports cooperation mechanism,and build competitive sports optimization cooperation platform.