算法的意识形态风险:属性、机理与出路

The Ideological Risk of Algorithms:Attributes,Mechanisms and Solutions

算法并非意识形态无涉的价值真空地带,技术与价值的相互耦合促使算法产生出强烈的意识形态属性。在算法所座驾而形成的数字社会中,算法歧视、算法牢笼、算法黑箱导致主流意识形态的认同度、引领力和凝聚力都陷入了新的风险情境,而这些意识形态风险得以生成的内在机理表现为:大数据通过对社会建构的中介性作用诱使人们形成了数据崇拜的意识形态方式,算法权力通过对人们的数字权利的支配而形成了算法统治的监控体系,算法与大数据的深度联合实现了意识形态的智能操控,由此,算法成为意识形态风险滋生的数字温床。然而,算法的意识形态风险不应导致对算法的“卢德主义”拒斥,算法仍是赋能意识形态建设的重要利器。基于此,必须强化主流意识形态对算法的价值引领、矫正算法的技术漏洞,从而推动算法成为社会主义意识形态建设的强大助力。

Algorithms are not a value vacuum without ideological involvement,and the mutual coupling of technology and value promotes the emergence of strong ideological attributes in algorithms.In the digital society formed by algorithms,algorithmic discrimination,algorithmic cages,and algorithmic black boxes have led to new risk situations in terms of mainstream ideological identification,leadership,and cohesion.These ideological risks are generated by the following internal mechanisms:big data has induced people to form an ideological approach of data worship through its mediating role in social construction,algorithmic power has formed a monitoring system of algorithmic domination through its domination of people’s digital rights,and the deep union of algorithms and big data has led to intelligent manipulation of ideology,making algorithms a digital breeding ground for ideological risks.However,the ideological risk of algorithms should not lead to the rejection of“Lutheranism”towards algorithms,as algorithms remain an essential tool for empowering ideological construction.For this reason,it is necessary to strengthen the value guidance of mainstream ideology on algorithms,correct the technical loopholes,so as to promote algorithms as a powerful support for the construction of socialist ideology.