手持木旋镖的新疆草原石人探赜——以阿勒泰市喀拉塔斯一号石人为中心

A Study of the Grassland Stone Figures Holding the Wooden Revolving Darts in Xinjiang:Centered on the Kalatas No.1 Stone Figure in Altay City

草原石人是新疆标志性的文化遗产之一。迄今为止,新疆共发现有300余尊草原石人,它们分布广泛、类型多样,时代从青铜时代延续至公元11世纪。新疆草原石人手持之物以杯、罐、钵、刀、剑等为大宗。然而实际上,新疆草原石人手持器物中还有一种至今未被辨识出来的狩猎工具,它就是木旋镖。

Since the discovery of the Kalatas No.1 Stone Figure in Altay City,Xinjiang,What is the instrument in the figure’s hand has always been an unresolved problem in the field of archaeology and museology in Xinjiang.The excavation at Yanghai Cemetery in Xinjiang and the nine complete wooden revolving darts unearthed in this cemetery provide a rare reference material for accurately deciphering the name of the instrument held by the Kalatas No.1 Stone Figure.Taking the wooden revolving darts unearthed in the Yanghai Cemetery in Shanshan County and in the Wubao Cemetery in Hami City as references,it can be clearly identified that the implement held by the Kalatas No.1 Stone Figure is a wooden revolving dart.Taking the decipherment of the wooden revolving dart held by the Kalatas No.1 Stone Figure as an opportunity to retrieve the Grassland Stone Figures found in Xinjiang in the past,it is preliminarily believed that the implements held by the No.3 Stone Figure of Kayinale No.1 Cemetery in Altay City,and by the Akezal Stone Figure in Burqin County and by the Stone Figure of No.2 ranch in Fuyun County can also be the wooden revolving darts.The cultural quality of these four Grassland Stone Figures holding the wooden revolving darts is the Qiemuerqieke Culture in Bronze Age in Altay Region,Xinjiang.Through the analogy of foreign archaeological and anthropological material,the function of the wooden revolving darts held by the Grassland Stone Figures in Xinjiang may be to hunt small animals such as waterfowls and rabbits.