评估与选择:沉船考古方法的初步讨论

Assessment and Selection: A Preliminary Study on Methods of Shipwreck Archaeology

水下考古学(Underwater Archaeology)与海洋考古学(Maritime Archaeology)是与沉船考古相关的两个概念[1]。前者从"水下"与"陆上"两种遗存保存环境、后者从"海洋性"与"陆地性"两类遗存性质出发,在若干案例研究的基础上,逐渐形成了有关理论、方法及相关技术。

From the perspectives of underwater archaeological survey,excavation and conservation,this article sets to summarize and discuss the general methods of conducting shipwreck archaeology.It is vitally important to actively and systematically launch shipwreck archaeological works,and to include assessment in the procedure of survey,excavation,conservation and presentation.This helps to structure the area of study and contributes to the overall cultural resources management scheme.In general,with current technological level and funding condition,when attempts are made to undertake shipwreck archeological works,priorities should be given to its better compliances with archaeological standards and the needs of heritage conservation.