佛教与西方民主思想对泰国公民教育影响研究

The Influence of Buddhism and Western Democracy in Thai Civic Education

泰国公民教育不仅受到佛教思想的影响,也吸收了西方平等自由的民主理念。佛教教育在封建时代占主导地位,起到维护国家稳定的作用,在西方民主思想引进之后,两者相互融合发展,形成了具有泰国特色的公民教育。两者在公民教育的理念、目的和对象上虽有区别,但本质上并无矛盾。总体来看,泰国公民教育遵循西方民主教育的模式,着重强调民主意识的培养、正确行使公民权利和承担公民义务;佛教则提倡兼爱、平等、自由,在道德等方面更深层次地影响公民意识。佛教思想与西方民主思想都得到了国家和社会的支持,通过各种形式的正式教育、非正式教育和非形式化教育,填补了理论与实践、城市与乡村的教育鸿沟,最终实现两者在公民教育上的和谐共存。

Thailand’s civic education is not only influenced by Buddhist ideology,but also absorbs Western democratic ideology about equality and freedom.Buddhist education dominated in feudal times,played a role in maintaining national stability.As Western democracy introduced into Thailand,these two ideologies integrated with each other,forming a civic education with Thai characteristics.Although there are differences in concept,purpose and subjects,the nature is the same.Thailand’s civic education follows the model of Western democratic education,emphasizing the cultivation of democratic consciousness and citizens’rights and obligations,while Buddhism advocates equality and freedom,which affects civic consciousness in a deeper moral sense.Buddhist ideology and Western democratic ideology are supported by the nation and society through formal education,informal education and non-formal education,to fill up the educational gaps between theory and practice,urban and rural,and finally to achieve coexistences between Buddhist ideology and Western democratic ideology in Thai civic education.