空间目标激光测距轨道预报研究

Research on orbit prediction of space target laser ranging

为了实现地面卫星激光观测站对空间目标的轨道预报,设计了空间目标激光测距轨道预报软件。首先,利用空间目标的两行根数结合轨道外推算法,计算出空间目标在地心惯性坐标系下的坐标;其次,通过空间目标、地心和观测站三者之间的坐标系转换,计算出空间目标相对于站心坐标系下的位置;再次,根据空间目标相对地面激光观测站的方位角和俯仰角,画出空间目标的测站预报图;最后,以北斗卫星的测站预报实例对该软件进行验证,所得出的测站轨道预报图与同类商业软件的图结果一致。结果表明,该软件能够为地面观测站捕获空间目标,并同步跟踪其轨道运行提供测站轨道预报服务。

In order to realize the orbit prediction of space target by ground laser observation station,the orbit prediction software of space target laser ranging is designed.Firstly,the coordinates of the space target under the geocentric inertial coordinate system are calculated by combining the number of Two Line Elements of the space target with the orbital extrapolation algorithm.Secondly,through the coordinate system conversion between the space target,the geocentric and the observation station,the position of the space target relative to the station center coordinate system is calculated.Then,according to the azimuth and pitch angle of the space target relative to the ground laser observation station,the station forecast map of the space target is drawn.Finally,the software is verified by taking the station forecast example of Beidou satellite,and the station orbit forecast map obtained is consistent with the map results of similar commercial software.The results show that the software can provide station orbit forecasting services for ground observatories to capture space targets and track their orbital operations simultaneously.