‘画报’三角梅苞片色彩表型及色素种类鉴定

Color Phenotype and Pigment Identification of Bracts of Bougainvillea×buttiana ‘Chitra’

以‘画报’三角梅为试材,使用比色卡及色差仪测量‘画报’不同类型苞片的色彩表型,并对其进行聚类分析;使用紫外-可见光谱法定性测量‘画报’苞片中所含色素类型,后针对所含色素进一步进行定量分析,研究‘画报’三角梅的色素组成,以期为其它观赏物种植物的色彩鉴定和色素分析提供参考依据。结果表明:色彩表型鉴定表明‘画报’三角梅7种类型的苞片可以分为绿色系和红色系两大色系。深绿色苞片、浅绿色苞片、绿心红边苞片绿色部分、绿心粉边绿色部分以及白色苞片归于绿色系,深红色苞片、粉红色苞片、绿心红边红色部分、绿心粉边粉色部分归于红色系;紫外光谱表明‘画报’苞片中含有叶绿素、类黄酮、类胡萝卜素以及甜菜色素,但是不含有类黄酮色素中的花青素。色素含量测量结果依次为类黄酮>叶绿素>甜菜色素>类胡萝卜素。综上所述,‘画报’三角梅苞片的颜色呈现主要依靠类黄酮色素,该研究结果可为进一步研究三角梅苞片呈色机理奠定基础。

The color phenotypes of different bracts of Bougainvillea×buttiana‘Chitra’were measured by RHSCC and colorimeter,and their clustering analysis was carried out.The pigment types in the bracts of‘Chitra’were qualitatively measured by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,and then the pigment types were further quantitatively analyzed,the pigment composition of‘Chitra’was studied,in order to provide reference for color identification and pigment analysis of other species of ornamental plants.The results showed that the bracts of seven types of‘Chitra’could be divided into green and red two color systems.The dark green bracts,light green bracts,green part of bracts with red margin,green part of bracts with pink margin bracts and white bracts belonged to the green system,and the dark red bracts,pink bracts,red part of bracts with green heart,pink part of bracts with green heart belonged to the red system.Ultraviolet spectrum showed that the bracts of‘Chitra’contained chlorophyll,flavonoids,carotenoids and betalains,but did not contain anthocyanins.The results of pigment content were as follows,flavonoid>chlorophyll>beet pigment>carotenoid.In conclusion,the color presentation of‘Chitra’bracts mainly depended on flavonoids pigments.The results of this study laid a foundation for further study on the color mechanism of bougainvillea bracts.