餐厨堆肥配制基质对黄瓜育苗的应用效果

Application Effect of Food Waste Compost Substrate on Cucumber Seedling

以餐厨堆肥、泥炭、发酵水稻秸秆及发酵稻壳为试材,按照体积分数分别配制6种育苗基质,开展黄瓜育苗试验,测定了育苗基质的理化性质和黄瓜植株的生长指标,并采用隶属函数法对黄瓜生长指标进行综合评价,以期为黄瓜移栽种植及有机废弃物的资源化利用提供参考依据。结果表明:15%餐厨堆肥添加量的育苗基质在大部分理化性质指标方面优于30%餐厨堆肥添加量的育苗基质,其中T2处理的关键理化性质是所有试验处理中的最优选,仅次于CK。在养分含量方面,各试验处理的大量元素养分含量均超过农业行业标准的相关要求,但15%餐厨堆肥添加量的育苗基质的有机质含量低于行业标准要求。在黄瓜幼苗生长发育方面,各处理的出苗率均超过90%。除叶绿素含量外,15%餐厨堆肥添加量的黄瓜幼苗生长指标均优于30%餐厨堆肥添加量。结合利用隶属函数法的综合评价,T2处理的黄瓜育苗效果最佳。15%餐厨堆肥+45%泥炭+40%发酵稻壳配制成的育苗基质最适宜黄瓜幼苗的生长。

Food waste compost,peat,fermented rice straw and fermented rice hulls were used as test materials.Six seedling substrates were prepared according to volume fractions and cucumber seedling trials were carried out.The physical and chemical properties of the seedling substrate and the growth indicators of the cucumber plants were determined and the growth indicators of cucumber were comprehensively evaluated by using the affiliation function method,in order to provide reference for the transplanting of cucumber and the resource utilization of organic waste.The results showed that the seedling substrate with 15%compost was better than the one with 30%compost in most physical and chemical properties.The key physicochemical properties of the T2 treatment were the most preferred of all the treatments tested,second only to the CK.In terms of nutrient content,the bulk element nutrient content of all the test treatments exceeded the relevant requirements of the agricultural industry standards.However,the organic matter content of the seedling substrate with a 15%food compost addition was below the industry standard.In terms of cucumber seedling growth and development,the seedling emergence rate exceeded 90%in all treatments.With the exception of chlorophyll content,cucumber seedlings grown with 15%food compost were better than those grown with 30%food waste compost.In combination with a comprehensive evaluation using the affiliation function method,the T2 treatment gave the best results for cucumber seedlings.A seedling substrate of 15%food waste compost+45%peat+40%fermented rice hulls was the best for cucumber seedlings.