不同叶形羽衣甘蓝形态解剖学比较研究

Comparative Study on Morphology and Anatomy of Different Leaf Shapes in Ornamental Kale

以圆叶、裂叶和皱叶羽衣甘蓝为试材,采用指甲油印迹与石蜡切片方法,利用光学显微镜观察不同形态叶片的解剖结构,比较叶片表皮细胞、气孔器、栅栏组织、海绵组织等结构特征,以期为羽衣甘蓝叶形多样性的解析提供参考依据。结果表明:不同叶形羽衣甘蓝叶表皮细胞密度不同,圆叶和裂叶试材的细胞密度相近,皱叶细胞密度最小;不同叶形材料叶边缘与非边缘处叶表皮细胞形态和气孔器密度均有差异,圆叶‘S0835’与‘S0836’叶片边缘的表皮细胞均呈圆盾状,裂叶‘F0819’与‘F0820’均呈长条状,皱叶试材‘G02’与‘6BZ’则均呈多边形。与上表皮相比,下表皮垂周壁形态多样。比较了裂叶试材凹缺口和非凹缺口处的表皮细胞,发现凹缺口处细胞形态受挤压而呈不规则分布,而非凹缺处细胞分布规则。3种叶形的叶缘处均少有或没有气孔器,非叶缘处不规则分布有大量气孔器。横切结果表明,3种叶形叶片的边缘部位有1~2层表皮细胞,未见栅栏组织与海绵组织;非边缘部位仅有1层表皮细胞,栅栏组织与海绵组织分化明显。

The ornamental kales which have round leaf,feathered leaf,and crinkle leaf,respectively,were used as materials.The anatomical structure of different leaf types were observed using light microscopy according to nail polish blotting and paraffin section method.The structural characteristics of epidermal cells,stomatal apparatus,palisade tissue and spongy tissue were compared,in order to provide reference for exploration leaf shapes diversity.The results showed that the epidermal cell densities were different in different leaf shapes.The cell densities were similar in round leaf and split leaf,and the density was the least in crinkle leaf.The epidermal cell morphology and stomatal apparatus density were all different between marginal and non-marginal leaves in different leaf shapes as well.The leaf epidermal cells showed peltate,linear,and polygonal at the leaf edge in round-leaved‘S0835’and‘S0836’,feathered-leaved‘F0819’and‘F0820’,and crinkle-leaved‘G02’and‘6 BZ’,respectively.The anticlinal wall of the lower epidermis had various forms compared with them in the upper epidermis.According to the comparison of the epidermal cells in drastic crack point and smooth point of the feathered leaf,it was found that the squeezed epidermal cells distributed irregularly in drastic crack point,however the epidermal cells in adjoined smooth point which arranged regularly.Few of or none stomatal organs distribute in the leaf margin of the three leaf shapes,and there were a lot of stomatal apparatus abundantly distributed in the leaf blade irregularly.According to cross-section vision,there were 1-2 layers of epidermal cells in leaf margin and only one layer epidermal cell in the leaf blade of the leaf margin in the three leaf shapes.There was only one layer of epidermal cells in non-marginal areas,and the morphology of palisade tissue and sponge tissue was significantly different in the three leaf shapes.