耕地土壤容重作用及其调控途径研究进展

Research Progress on Soil Bulk Density Function and Its Regulation Methods in Cultivated Land

近年来,由于农业机械化的不断发展、化肥施用量的增加以及不合理的耕作、灌溉措施,导致我国耕地土壤质量问题日益凸显,影响作物出苗、发育和产量。土壤容重是土壤主要结构特性之一,与土壤孔隙度、土壤通透性以及土壤蓄水保墒能力密切相关,对作物地上部和根系生长有重要作用。该研究结合近几年国内外研究进展,从耕地土壤容重对作物生长的作用机理、土壤容重的影响因素、土壤容重的调控途径等3个方面分析阐述了人工调控改良耕地质量的可行性,最后对改良土壤容重在作物生长发育过程中的应用做出展望,以期为耕地土壤容重调控途径的进一步研究提供参考依据。

In recent years,due to the continuous development of the agricultural mechanization,the increase of the application rate of the chemical fertilizer and the unreasonable cultivation and irrigation measures,the problem of the soil quality of the cultivated land in China was becoming more and more prominent,affecting the emergence,development and production of the crops.Soil bulk density was one of the main structural characteristics of soil,which was closely related to soil porosity,soil permeability and soil moisture storage ability,and played an important role in crop shoot and root growth.Combined with the research progress at home and abroad in recent years,this study analyzed and expounded the feasibility of artificial regulation and improvement of cultivated land quality from three aspects,the mechanism of cultivated land soil bulk density on crop growth,the influencing factors of soil bulk density and the way of soil bulk density control,and finally looked forward to the application of improved soil bulk density in the process of crop growth and development,in order to provide a reference for the further study of cultivated land soil bulk density regulation.