疫情、政治与政治学——六位俄罗斯学者的观点

2020年发生的新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球,对人类社会造成了巨大影响。疫情是对一个国家政治价值、政治文化、政治制度、政治程序和治理绩效的全面考验。值得注意的是,许多国家的应对结果与政治学的传统认知和判断大相径庭。这就迫使政治学界对许多基本问题进行反思。一些世界主要大国的反省与思考尤其值得我们借鉴。为此,编者特地约请了六位俄罗斯学者从自己的专业角度出发,就疫情与政治、疫情与政治学两个主题进行评论。六位学者中既有来自莫斯科的学者,也有来自圣彼得堡的学者;既有来自科学院系统的学者,也有来自高校系统的学者;既有偏重于理论研究的学者,也有具备实际从政经历的学者;既有关注国际政治的学者,也有关注国内政治的学者。他们所点评的问题则既包括全球化与民族国家问题、"世界政府"与"区域合作"问题、主权与人权问题、国家与社会问题、社会利益与个人权利问题等"老问题",也包括政治与科技、政治与生命、政治与社会发展等"新问题"。他们的观点之间存在分歧,侧重点也各有不同。虽然编者对其中的一些观点并不赞同,但依然尝试将其尽量完整、详尽地呈现出来,希望读者能借六位俄罗斯学者的短评管窥当代俄罗斯政治学中的主要视角、重要议题与重点领域。

The outbreak and prevalence of COVID-19 in 2020 has a great impact on human society.Such epidemic situation is in fact a comprehensive test of political values,political cultures,political system,political process and governance capability of any countries.However,the response results of many countries are different from the traditional cognition and judgment of political science.This new phenomenon forces us to reflect on many basic issues.Experiences and defects of some major countries attract are especially noteworthy.Therefore,six scholars from Russia Federation were invited to comment on two themes as epidemic and politics,epidemic and political science.Six scholars have very different academic backgrounds:they come from Moscow and Saint-Petersberg;from universities and academies of science;some focus on theoretical research and some have practical political experience;some are specialists of international relations and some pay much attention to domestic politics.They discussed not only the“old issues”such as the globalization and nation state,“world government”and“regional cooperation”,weighs of sovereignty and human rights,relationship between state and society,social interests and individual rights,but also“new issues”such as problem of politics,science and technology,problem of politics and human life,politics and social development.There are distinct differences in their views,but just from these differences that we hope to understand the main approaches,topics and areas of contemporary political science in Russia.