干旱区内陆河流域农户生态补偿支付意愿的空间异质性分析——以石羊河为例

Spatial heterogeneity analysis of farmers’willingness to pay ecological compensation in arid inland river basin:take Shiyang River basin as an example

深入开展支付意愿的空间差异和空间效应分析,对于分区定策、精准实施生态治理工程、提高生态补偿实践绩效、提升治理与保护效果等方面,有着重要的现实指导意义。在确定影响流域农户支付意愿的主要因素的基础上,借助多分类Logistic模型分析各因素对农户支付意愿的影响作用,并通过引入通达距离、距河道距离分别比较流域农户支付意愿的空间效应,得到的主要结论包括:在不考虑距离因素的情况下,教育程度、农户类型对于农户支付意愿的影响显著;在考虑距离因素的情况下,受教育程度对支付意愿的影响存在"脱钩"现象,模型3模拟结果显示,高中群体处于更高支付意愿的发生比为1.044,而大专群体处于更高支付意愿水平的发生比仅为0.363,即支付意愿并不会伴随受教育程度的提高而增强;通达距离与支付意愿表现为先负相关("距离衰减"现象)、之后呈正相关("距离递增"现象)的关系;距河道距离远近对流域农户的支付意愿呈现明显的"距离衰减"规律。

In-depth analysis of spatial difference and spatial effect of willingness to pay has important practical guiding significance for zoning decision making,precise implementation of ecological governance projects,improvement of ecological compensation practice performance and improvement of governance and protection effects.In this paper,on the basis of determining the main factors affecting the willingness to pay of farmers in the river basin,the influence of each factor on the willingness to pay of farmers in the river basin was analyzed with the help of multiple Logistic model,and the spatial effect of the willingness to pay of farmers in the river basin was compared,respectively,by introducing access distance and distance to the river.It was found that:Without considering the distance factor,the influence of education level and farmer type on farmers’willingness to pay is significant.In the case of considering the distance factor,there is no necessary correlation between education level and the willingness to pay;the simulation results of Model 3 show that the occurrence ratio of high school students in higher willingness to pay is 1.044,while the occurrence ratio of junior college students in higher willingness to pay is only 0.363,that is,the willingness to pay will not increase with the improvement of education level.The reach distance and the willingness to pay show a negative correlation(distance attenuation)and then a positive correlation(distance increasing).The effect of distance to the river presents an obvious"distance attenuation"to the payment willingness of farmers in the river basin.