祁连山云特征参数及人工增雨研究进展与展望

Cloud characteristic parameters and artificial precipitation in the Qilian Mountains: research progress and prospect

综述了祁连山区云特征参数及人工增雨方面的主要研究成果,内容涉及祁连山区空中水汽特征、云量分布、不同云系分布特征、云光学特征、云降水机制、降水分布、人工增雨有利天气系统、催化机制以及人工增雨综合效益,有助于全面、深入了解祁连山区云降水物理和人工增雨机制。进一步对祁连山区综合应用多种观测资料,结合云数值模式,深入研究地形云结构及降水机制、定量化的人工增雨作业科学指标、播云优化技术、地形与垂直气流相互作用对天气系统影响等方面存在的问题进行了展望。

In this paper,the present research achievement on cloud characteristic parameters and artificial precipitation in the Qilian Mountains is reviewed,including the variation of cloud characteristic parameters,the characteristics of water vapor content,cloudiness distribution,cloud system distribution characteristics,cloud optical property,cloud and precipitation mechanisms,rainfall distribution,the weather systems in favour of artificial precipitation,catalytic mechanisms of artificial precipitation,as well as the comprehensive benefits of artificial precipitation.The foundation has been established for comprehensive and further understanding the cloud physics and precipitation as well as artificial precipitation mechanisms.Furthermore,the problems in the study of topographic cloud structures and precipitation mechanisms,quantitative artificial precipitation operation scientific indexes and cloud seeding optimization technology,and the interaction between topography and vertical airflow on the weather system in the Qilian Mountains are prospected.