默克收集的雅库特资料及其历史词典学意义

The meaning of Yakut language materials collected by Carl Heinrich Merck and it’s aistorical lexicography

本文旨在研究作为医生和旅行者的卡尔·海因里希·默克(Carl Heinrich Merck,1761~1799)在西伯利亚东北部和阿拉斯加地区进行天文与地理秘密探险(即"比林斯-萨里耶夫探险队")期间记录的雅库特资料(1785~1794)。除旅行记录外,在默克的动物学笔记中记录了大量雅库特词汇,其中大部分是各种动物的名称,其中主要考察默克笔记中的三个词汇:"吕良查"(ürunchai)、"托莱琴"(torechen)和"恩罗德"(nenrod)。

This article deals with the Yakut materials recorded by the physician and traveller Carl Heinrich Merck(1761-1799)during the“Secret astronomical and geographical expedition for the discovery of the North-East of Siberia and Alaska”(which is known as the“Billings-Sary ev-expedition”)of the years 1785-1794.Beside his travel account some more Yakut terms,mostly designations for various animals,are given in other zoological notes by C.H.Merck.In this paper the author discusses three terms from such notes(ürunchai,torechen and nenrod).