波谱仪可拆卸零蒸发结构设计

Design of Detachable Zero Evaporation Structures for Wave Spectrometers

目的:开发一种可在不用停止工作状态下更换GM制冷机的零蒸发波谱仪结构。方法:对可拆卸结构进行总体设计,在满足绝热支撑强度和减小热负荷等功能要求的基础上优化制冷机可拆卸机构结构方案,保证系统能够长时间稳定运行。使用有限元分析的方法对真空壳体和支撑结构强度和稳定性进行分析,并对系统的热负荷进行计算和制冷机选型。结果:在极端运行工况下,波谱仪真空壳体最大应力为27 MPa,绝热支撑的最大等效应力为6 MPa,均远小于材料允许的许用应力。可拆卸零蒸发结构80 K制冷的热负荷为3.79 W,4 K制冷的热负荷为0.31 W。结论:波谱仪的强度和稳定性达标,同时整体传热方案满足系统冷量需求,因此可拆卸零蒸发结构能够满足设计和使用需求。

Objective:To develop a zero evaporation wave spectrometer which can replace GM refrigerator without stopping working.Methods:The overall design of the disassembled structure was optimized to meet the functional requirements of support strength and thermal load reduction,and the design of the disassembled and retractable mechanism of the chiller and the thermal conductivity of the cold head was optimized to ensure the stable operation of the system over a long period of time.The strength and stability of the support structure is analysed using finite element analysis,and the thermal load of the system is calculated and the chiller is selected.Results:Under extreme operating conditions,the maximum stress for vacuum shell of spectrometer is 27 MPa,and the maximum equivalent stress of insulation support is 6 MPa,which are far less than the allowable stress of material.The heat load of 80 K refrigeration and 4 K refrigeration is 3.79 W and 0.31 W respectively.Conclusion:The intensity and stability of spectrometer meets the standard,and the overall heat transfer scheme meets the cooling capacity requirements of the system.Therefore,the removable zero evaporation structure can meet the design and use requirements.