“阿拉伯之春”与俄罗斯的中东外交战略

’Arab Spring’ and Russian Diplomatic Strategies Towards the Middle East

俄罗斯的中东战略在某种程度上继承了苏联的中东战略,并在此基础上通过双边和多边外交、经济和贸易关系以及文化软实力的输出,对中东国家产生影响。"阿拉伯之春"爆发后,俄罗斯在中东的利益受到冲击,主要表现为俄罗斯与中东国家的双边关系弱化、与中东国家的经贸关系受损、中东地区反俄情绪增长等。一方面,俄罗斯利用"阿拉伯之春"对地缘政治所造成的冲击,及时调整了其中东外交战略,提升了中东国家在俄罗斯整体外交战略中的重要性。另一方面,俄罗斯利用"阿拉伯之春"后中东地区国际体系变化以及域外大国中东外交政策的调整,重构了其与中东国家的政治经济关系,并在恢复双边关系的基础上,推出了整体性的中东战略。

Russia’s Middle East strategy inherits the Middle East strategies of the Soviet Union,and on this basis exerts its influence on Middle East countries through bilateral and multilateral diplomacy,economic and trade relations,and the export of cultural soft power.After the outbreak of the"Arab Spring",Russia’s interests in the Middle East have been impacted,mainly by the weakening of bilateral relations between Russia and Middle East countries,the damage of economic and trade relations with regional countries,and the grow th of anti-Russian sentiment in the Middle East.On the one hand,Russia made use of the impact of the"Arab Spring"on geopolitics to timely adjust its Middle East diplomatic strategies and enhance the importance of the Middle East region in Russia’s overall diplomatic strategy.On the other hand,taking advantage of the changes in the international system in the Middle East caused by the"Arab Spring"and the adjustment of foreign policies of outside powers in the Middle East,Russia reconstructs its political and economic relations with Middle East countries,and,it puts forward an overall regional strategy for the Middle East on the basis of restoring bilateral relations.