武汉市某区2015~2018年中学生法定传染病发病特点分析

Analysis on the pathogenesis characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among middle school students in a district of Wuhan City from 2015 to 2018

目的了解近4年来武汉市某区中学生法定传染病发病情况,分析流行特征。方法根据"传染病报告信息管理系统"中武汉市某区2015~2018年法定传染病报告个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法,分析中学生法定传染病发病水平和发病特点。结果武汉市某区2015~2018年报告中学生乙、丙类传染病共计10种405例,年均报告发病率251.47/10万,报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ_趋势~2=85.332,P<0.01),流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒、肺结核、其他感染性腹泻病和手足口病发病数居前5位,占报告病例总数的88.88%。12月~次年1月、5~6月报告病例数较多,分别占30.86%和20.74%。13岁学生发病数最多,初中学生流行性腮腺炎发病数最多,高中学生肺结核发病数最多。结论武汉市某区中学生法定传染病呈低流行态势,流行性腮腺炎是初中学生多发疾病,肺结核是高中学生多发的传染病。

Objective To comprehend the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases among middle school students in a district of Wuhan City in recent four years.Methods Based on the 2015-2018 notifiable infectious disease report case data in a district of Wuhan City in the Infectious Disease Report Information Management System,the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence and characteristics of notifiablel infectious diseases among middle school students.Results A total of 405 middle school students cases of 10 kinds of notifiable type B and C infectious diseases were totally reported in this district of Wuhan City from 2015 to 2018,while the average annual incidence rate was 251.47 per million annually.The incidence rate had been rising yearly(χ^2=85.332,P<0.001).The incidence of mumps,influenza,tuberculosis,other infectious diarrhea and hand-foot-mouth disease ranked the top 5,accounting for 88.88%of the total reported cases.From December to January of the next year and from May to June,the number of reported cases was relatively large,accounting for 30.86%and 20.74%respectively.The incidence of 13-year-old students was the highest.Mumps ranked in the first place among junior high school students,while tuberculosis for senior high school students.Conclusion There was a low prevalence of notifiable infectious diseases among middle school students in a district of Wuhan City.Mumps was a common disease among middle school students,and tuberculosis was a common infectious disease among high school students.