安庆市血吸虫病现症病例空间分布特征分析

Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of schistosomiasis cases in Anqing City

目的了解安庆市现症血吸虫病病例空间分布和流行特征,指导血吸虫病防控工作。方法收集安庆市血吸虫病现症病例信息,并建立乡镇级空间数据库,通过描述性统计分析和空间统计分析,阐述全市现症病例的空间分布和流行特征。结果全市共报告9922例血吸虫病现症病例,其中慢性血吸虫病例8133例,晚期血吸虫病例1789例。慢性和晚期血吸虫病病例职业均以农民为主,分别占92.82%(7549/8133)和92.57%(1656/1789)。全局自相关分析显示慢性血吸虫病患病率(Moran’s I=0.3088,Z=6.8534,P<0.01),晚期血吸虫病患病率(Moran’s I=0.2446,Z=6.9193,P<0.01)存在空间自相关。局部自相关分析显示慢性和晚期血吸虫病患病率高值聚集区在长江大观区段、七里湖、皖河水系周围乡镇,且慢性血吸虫病患病率高值聚集区域大于晚期血吸虫病患病率高值聚集区域。结论安庆市慢性和晚期血吸虫病病例分布存在正向的空间自相关和局部的空间聚集性,应对血吸虫病患病率高值聚集区域重点防控。

Objective To understand the spatial distribution and epidemic characteristics of current cases of schistosomiasis in Anqing City and guide the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.Methods The information of schistosomiasis cases in Anqing City was collected,and the spatial database of township level was established.Through descriptive statistical analysis and spatial statistical analysis,the spatial distribution and epidemic characteristics of schistosomiasis cases in Anqing City were expounded.Results A total of 9922 cases of schistosomiasis were reported,including 8133 cases of chronic schistosomiasis and 1789 cases of advanced schistosomiasis.The occupation of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis cases were mainly farmers,accounting for 92.82%(7549/8133)and 92.57%(1656/1789),respectively.Global autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a spatial autocorrelation in the prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis(Moran’s I=0.3088,Z=6.8534,P<0.01),and in the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis(Moran’s I=0.2446,Z=6.9193,P<0.01).The results of local autocorrelation analysis showed that the areas with high prevalence of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis were in the towns around Daguan District of the Yangtze River,Qili Lake and Wanhe river system,and the areas with high prevalence of chronic schistosomiasis were larger than those with high prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis.Conclusion There were positive spatial autocorrelation and local spatial aggregation in the distribution of chronic and advanced schistosomiasis cases in Anqing City.Prevention and control should be focused on the areas with high prevalence of schistosomiasis.