枞阳县中小学生视力低下和近视疾病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hypopsia and myopia among primary and secondary school students in Zongyang County

目的了解枞阳县中、小学生视力低下及近视疾病的流行情况,为学生视力防控工作提供依据。方法调查枞阳县2所小学、2所中学和1所高中共2116名学生,并对视力低下和近视患病情况进行统计分析。结果2116名受检测学生中,小学生、初中生、高中生的视力低下检出率分别为71.3%、74.3%和92.7%;小学生、初中生、高中生筛查性近视患病率分别为44.1%、69.5%和92.7%。视力低下和筛查性近视的患病率均随着学段(小学、初中和高中)升高而上升,且视力低下严重程度与学段呈现正相关。初中学段,女生的视力低下患病率(81.6%)和筛查性近视的患病率(75.2%)均高于男生的视力低下的患病率(67.6%)和筛查性近视患病率(63.7%),其差异均有统计学意义(χ2视力低下=12.143,P<0.05;χ2近视=8.041,P<0.05)。结论枞阳县中、小学生视力低下和近视呈现高发和低年龄化趋势,学生近视防控工作刻不容缓。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of low vison and screening positive myopia among primary and middle school students in Zongyang County,and to provide the basis for the prevention and control of students’myopia.Methods A total of 2116 students from 2 primary schools,2 junior high schools and 1 senior high school in Zongyang County were surveyed.The prevalence of low vison and myopia was analyzed.Results A total of 2116 students were tested.The primary school students,junior high school students and senior high school students with low vision accounted for 71.3%,74.3%and 92.7%,students with screening positive myopia accounted for 44.1%,69.5%and 92.7%respectively.Prevalence of low vision and screening positive myopia increased with the increase of school grades,and the severity of low vison was positively correlated with school periods.Prevalence of low vision(81.6%)and screening positive myopia(75.2%)among female students were higher than those in male students(67.6%and 63.7%)in junior high schools.The differences were statistically significant(χ~2=12.143,P<0.05;χ~2=8.041,P<0.05).Conclusion Low vision and screening positive myopia among primary and high school students showed the trend of high prevalence and low age in Zongyang County.It was urgent to prevent and control the myopia of students.