佛山乐从地区家具工人变应性鼻炎临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis among furniture workers in Lecong,Foshan

目的:分析佛山乐从地区患变应性鼻炎的家具工人吸入性变应原阳性率分布特点和临床特征。方法:随机选取2018年1月至2019年6月广州医科大学附属顺德医院收治的1000例变应性鼻炎患者作为研究对象,其职业均为家具工人。对其进行皮肤点刺试验,观察变应原阳性率分布特点,分析其与年龄、性别、季节的相关性。结果:皮肤点刺试验结果显示,螨类(粉尘螨66.20%、屋尘螨65.80%、热带螨40.20%)变应原阳性率最高;变应原阳性率分布与性别无关(P>0.05);变应原阳性率分布与年龄相关,低年龄段(18~29岁)的阳性率最高(92.80%),随年龄的增长阳性率下降(P<0.05);不同季节的变应原阳性率分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中夏季阳性率最高(P<0.05)。结论:佛山乐从地区家具工人变应性鼻炎患者主要的吸入性变应原为螨类,变应原的分布情况与年龄和季节呈现相关性,这对于改善家具工人的患病情况可提供参考。

Objective:To investigate the distribution of inhaled allergen positivity and clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis among furniture workers Lecong District of Foshan.Methods:A random sample of 1000 patients with allergic rhinitis treated in Shunde Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University between January 2018 and June 2019 were used in this study.All subjects were furniture workers.We investigated the findings of skin prick test,the distribution characteristics of allergen positive rate and how these correlated with age,sex and seasonality.Results:Skin prick test showed that the positive rates of allergens were highest for mites(Dermatophagoides farinae,66.20%;Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,65.80%;Blomia tropicalis,40.20%).The distribution of allergen positivity was not related to sex(P>0.05),but was age-related,such that the positive rates of allergens were highest in younger age group(18-29 years old,92.80%),and declined with elder age(P<0.05).There was a difference in the positive rate of allergens by seasonality,which was highest in summer(P<0.05).Conclusion:Mites are major inhaled allergens for allergic rhinitis found in furniture workers in Lezhong District,Foshan.The distribution of allergens is correlated with age and seasonality.These findings offer clues for improving the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among furniture workers.