民族地区历史文化名镇的“传统-现代”转型与“文旅融合”发展

Traditional-modern Transformation and Integrative Development of Culture and Tourism of Historical-cultural Towns in Ethnic Areas

目前,我国已经评选出七批国家级历史文化名镇,而民族地区历史文化名镇的研究一直处于不受关注的状态。文章在对民族8省区历史文化名镇进行分类整理的基础上,选取了贵州省雷山县西江镇、云南省孟连县娜允镇、贵州省习水县土城镇3个国家级历史文化名镇作为研究对象,从新古典"结构-功能论"的研究视角出发对其进行深入的分析,认为历史文化名镇在"传统-现代"的转型中可以能动地产生新的功能与结构,促进产业融合与文旅融合的发展,并作用于古镇的发展之中。同时,在古镇的发展中要认清文化遗产在"传统-现代"转型中出现的多种关系,兼顾了文化遗产的保护与现代旅游业的发展。此外,创造性转化、创新性发展与创新性保护才是民族地区历史文化名镇"传统-现代"转型的正确路径。

At present,China has selected seven batches of national historical-cultural towns,but the research on historical-cultural towns in ethnic areas has been in a state of unconcerned.Based on the classification of historical-cultural towns in eight ethnic provinces or regions,this paper selects three national historical-cultural towns as research objects:Xijiang Town,Leishan County,Guizhou Province;Nayun Town,Menglian County,Yunnan Province and Tucheng Town,Xishui County,Guizhou Province.To analysis the examples from the perspective of the neo-classical"structural-functionalism",and believes that historical-cultural towns not only can actively generate new functions and structures during the"traditional-modern"transformation and promote the development of industrial integration and cultural and tourism integration,but also can play animportant role in the development of ancient towns.At the same time,in the development of ancient towns,it is necessary to recognize the various relationships that cultural heritage appears in the"traditional-modern"transformation,taking into account the protection of cultural heritage and the development of modern tourism.In addition,creative transformation,innovative development and innovative protection are the correct paths for the"traditional-modern"transformation of historical-cultural towns in ethnic areas.