不同海拔地区居民血清25-羟维生素D水平检测分析

Analysis of the Influence of Age and Gender on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Residents of Different Altitude Areas

目的:探讨海拔、居民年龄与性别对血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平的影响。方法:采用横断面调查,选取广州(海拔15 m)、西宁(海拔2261 m)、玉树(海拔3680 m)三个地区的健康成年人作为观察对象,共计1907例。通过问卷调查收集一般资料,采用化学发光法测定所有观察对象血清25(OH)D水平。观察其年龄、性别、居住地区与血清25(OH)D水平的关系。结果:1907例观察对象中,血清25(OH)D水平正常1005例,占52.70%;不足670例,占35.13%;缺乏232例,占12.17%。男性血清25(OH)D水平高于女性(P<0.05)。不同年龄段人群血清25(OH)D水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同地区人群血清25(OH)D水平为广州>玉树、广州>西宁,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。血清25(OH)D缺乏女性(58.62%)较男性占比更高;(60~80)岁人群血清25(OH)D缺乏及不足情况较严重;广州地区以血清25(OH)D不足人群占比最高,而西宁和玉树地区则以血清25(OH)D缺乏人群占比最高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清25(OH)D异常情况女性(90.14%)较男性更为严重(P<0.05);(60~80)岁人群血清25(OH)D异常情况较严重(P<0.05);广州地区人群血清25(OH)D异常率最低(P<0.05)。相较于广州低海拔地区,西宁及玉树等高海拔地区人群血清25(OH)D异常的发生风险升高(P<0.05);女性血清25(OH)D缺乏的发生风险高于男性(P<0.05);(60~80)岁人群血清25(OH)D缺乏和不足的发生风险均高于(18~44)岁人群(P<0.05)。结论:不同海拔地区居民的血清25(OH)D水平存在差异,性别、年龄和地区均是影响血清25(OH)D水平的重要因素。建议针对不同地区和人群制定合理的维生素D补充剂方案,以预防和改善血清25(OH)D缺乏和不足的情况。

Objective:To explore the effects of altitude,resident age,and gender on serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]levels.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted,selecting 1907 healthy adults from Guangzhou(15 m above sea level),Xining(2261 m above sea level),and Yushu(3680 m above sea level)as observation subjects.Collect general information through a questionnaire survey and use chemiluminescence method to measure the serum 25(OH)D levels of all observed subjects.Observe the relationship between age,gender,residential area,and serum 25(OH)D levels.Results:Among the 1907 observed subjects,1005 had normal serum 25(OH)D levels,accounting for 52.70%;Less than 670 cases,accounting for 35.13%;Lack of 232 cases,accounting for 12.17%.The serum 25(OH)D level in males was higher than that in females(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in serum 25(OH)D levels among different age groups(P>0.05).The levels of serum 25(OH)D in populations from different regions are Guangzhou>Yushu,Guangzhou>Xining,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.001).25(OH)D deficiency is more prevalent in females than males;The serum 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency are more severe in the population aged(60~80);The population with 25(OH)D deficiency is the highest in Guangzhou,while in Xining and Yushu,the population with deficiency is the highest,and the differences are statistically significant(P<0.05).The abnormality of 25(OH)D is more severe in females than in males(P<0.05);The serum 25(OH)D abnormality was more severe in the population aged(60~80)(P<0.05);The abnormal rate of 25(OH)D is the lowest in Guangzhou area(P<0.05).Compared to the low altitude areas in Guangzhou,the risk of 25(OH)D abnormality is higher in high-altitude areas such as Xining and Yushu(P<0.05);The risk of 25(OH)D deficiency in women is higher than that in men(P<0.05);The risk of serum 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency in the age group of(60~80)is higher than that in the age group of(18~44)(P<0.05).Conclusion:There are differences in serum 25(OH)D levels among residents at different altitudes,and gender,age,and region are all important factors affecting 25(OH)D levels.Suggest developing reasonable vitamin D supplement plans for different regions and populations to prevent and improve 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency.