高海拔不同驻训时间官兵红细胞相关指标分析

Analysis of Erythrocyte Related Indexes of Officers and Soldiers in Different Garrison Time at High Altitude

目的:研究不同海拔驻训官兵外周血红细胞相关参数的变化,分析不同驻训时间和海拔高度对红细胞相关指标的影响。方法:收集海拔3700 m、4200 m、4900 m、5200 m四个海拔高度驻训官兵1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月、11个月的红细胞相关参数:红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV),以平原驻训官兵相同指标作为对照,分析其变化规律。结果:RBC、HGB、HCT、RDW-CV随着驻训海拔增高,时间延长呈不断增高的趋势,与平原官兵相同指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);海拔3700 m驻训官兵RBC、HGB、HCT水平升高,与平原官兵相同指标比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);MCV、MCH、MCHC水平与平原官兵相同指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。海拔4200 m驻训官兵9个月、4900 m 6个月及9个月驻训官兵RBC、HGB、HCT水平与驻训1个月比较,显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),之后处于较为稳定的水平;海拔5200 m驻训6个月驻训官兵RBC、HGB、HCT水平与驻训1个月比较显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),之后处于较为稳定的水平;MCV、MCH、MCHC水平随海拔高度、驻训时间延长有一定的变化,但均在正常范围内。RDW-CV随着海拔增高、时间延长不断增高。结论:海拔3700 m红细胞水平比较稳定,不会随着时间延长对身体造成影响,比较适合较长时间驻训;4200 m 9个月、4900 m 6个月及9个月,5200 m 6个月,红细胞相关数值出现较大增幅,可作为每一海拔驻训的调整期,能最大限度地预防高原病并降低其发生率。

Objective:This paper is aimed to study the changes of peripheral blood erythrocyte related parameters of officers and soldiers stationed at different altitudes and to analyze the effects of time and altitude on red blood cell related parameters.Methods:Erythrocyte related parameters of officers and soldiers stationed at altitudes of 3700 m、4200 m、4900 m and 5200 m were collected at the time point of 1 month、3 months、6months、9 months and 11 months.Red blood cell count(RBC)、hemoglobin(HGB)、hematocrit(HCT)、mean red blood cell volume(MCV)、mean red blood cell hemoglobin content(MCH)、mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)and coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width(RDV-CV)were analyzed,which were compared with the same indexes of officers and soldiers stationed in plain.Results:RBC、HGB、HCT and RDW-CV showed an increasing trend with the increase of the altitude and the extension of the garrison time,and the difference was statistically significant compared with plain(P<0.05).RBC、HGB and HCT showed an increasing trend compared with plain at altitude of 3700 m(P<0.05).The difference of MCV、MCH and MCHC was not significant compared with plain.The RBC、HGB and HCT of 9 months at 4200 m,6 and 9 months at 4900 m were significantly increased(P<0.05),then remaining at a relatively stable level.The RBC、HGB and HCT at 5200 m was significantly higher than that at 1 month(P<0.05),which then remained at a relatively stable level.MCV、MCH and MCHC changed with the increase of altitude and stationing time,but within the normal range.RDW-CV increases with altitude and time accumulated.Conclusion:The erythrocyte level is stable at 3700m,and it will not affect the body with the extension of time,so it is suitable to stay for a long time.At 4200 m at9 months,at 4900 m at 6 months,9 months,and at 5200 m at about 6 months,erythrocyte related values showed a large increase,which can be used as the adjustment period of each altitude garrison,to prevent and reduce the incidence of altitude diseases to the maximum extent.