抗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)中药复方中高频单味药的研究概述

Research Overview of High-frequency Single-medicine in Chinese Herbal Compound Against Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19)

截止2020年7月24日,全球新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)感染人数已经超过了1565万人,并仍然呈现出一种快速上升的趋势。该疾病的传染性极强,致死率在4%左右,多数患者呈现出呼吸困难、器官衰竭等并发症,各国科学家目前还没有找到针对COVID-19的特效药,疫苗的研制工作正在紧张推动之中。针对该疫情,中医药在我国防治COVID-19的过程中发挥了重要作用。在疫情发生的早期,我国多位知名的中医药专家就介入了对COVID-19的防控与治疗之中,并因地因人进行辨证论治,均取得了较好的成效。据统计,2020年1月至7月间,我国使用的抗COVID-19的中药处方和中成药共计483个,其中中成药共计241个。各中药处方中,苦杏仁、甘草、麻黄、金银花、黄芩、黄芪、广藿香等出现的频率最高,因此有必要分析这些高频数中药,探究其治疗COVID-19的潜在应用价值。对单味中药的化学成分与药理活性进行文献整理与分析研究,将有利于进一步认识中药的抗病毒特性,并为下一步开发治疗COVID-19的中药与天然药物新药提供研究参考。

As of July 24,2020,novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)infection has reached over 15650 thousand people worldwide,and it is still showing a rapid upward trend.The disease is highly infectious,with a fatality rate of about 4%.Most patients present with complications such as dyspnea and organ failure.Scientists from various countries have not yet found a specific drug for covid-19,and the development of vaccine is under intense promotion.Chinese medicine has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of covid-19 in China.In the early stage of the epidemic,many well-known experts of traditional Chinese medicine intervened in the prevention and treatment of covid-19,and carried out syndrome differentiation and treatment according to local conditions and people,and achieved good results.According to statistics,from January to July 2020,there are 483 prescriptions and proprietary Chinese medicines against covid-19 in China,including 241 Chinese patent medicines.Among all the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine,bitter almond,licorice,ephedra,honeysuckle,Scutellaria,astragalus,patchouli and so on are the most frequent.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze these high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines and explore their potential application value in the treatment of covid-19.The literature review and analysis of the chemical components and pharmacological activities of single Chinese medicine will help to further understand the antiviral characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine,and provide reference for the development of new Chinese medicine and natural medicine for the treatment of covid-19.