低氧、恒湿文物保护装置设计与评测

Design and Evaluation on Cultural Relic Protection Device with Low Oxygen and Constant Humidity

为实现文物长期保存,在文物保护柜内配置文物出土前的低氧、恒湿环境。设计文物保护装置将膜分离制氮技术与恒湿技术相结合,提出制氮单元、调湿单元和充氮单元架构:制氮单元采用占地空间小、纯度稳定的膜分离工艺;调湿单元通过饱和器和质量流量控制器调节干氮气和湿氮气的比例,从而实现相对湿度调节;充氮单元实时检测文物保护柜内压力,使柜内始终处于微正压状态。性能评测试验表明:1)该装置可以将文物保护柜内的氧含量降低至1%以下,从而使氮气纯度高达99%以上;2)柜内相对湿度可在30%RH~70%RH内灵活调节,湿度波动小于2%RH;3)柜内始终处于0.0002~0.0004 MPa的微正压状态。文物保护装置可以有效改善文物储存环境,延长文物储存寿命。

In order to realize the long-term preservation of cultural relics,set the low oxygen and constant humidity environment before the excavation of cultural relics in the cultural relic protection cabinet.The technology of nitrogen production by membrane separation is combined with the technology of constant humidity,and the cultural relic protection device is designed.The unit architecture of nitrogen generation unit,humidity control unit and nitrogen filling unit is proposed:the nitrogen generation unit adopts the membrane separation process with small occupation space and stable purity;the humidity control unit adjusts the proportion of dry nitrogen and wet nitrogen through saturator and mass flow controller,so as to realize the relative humidity adjustment;the nitrogen filling unit detects the pressure in the cultural relic protection cabinet in real time,so that the cabinet is always in a micro-positive pressure state.The performance evaluation test shows that:1)the device can reduce the oxygen content in the cultural relic protection cabinet to less than 1%,so that the nitrogen purity can reach more than 99%;2)the relative humidity in the cabinet can be flexibly adjusted within 30%RH~70%RH,and the humidity fluctuation is less than 2%RH;3)the cabinet is always in a micro-positive pressure state of 0.0002~0.0004 MPa.The cultural relic protection device can effectively improve the storage environment and prolong the storage life of cultural relics.