考虑需求紧迫度的城市抗疫物资调度优化

Optimization of urban anti-epidemic material scheduling considering the urgency of demand

文章针对疫情防控中应急医疗物资调度所存在的问题,考虑突发疫情的特征,以需求满足率加权和的负数最小化和配送时间最小化为目标,构建了考虑需求紧迫度的城市应急医疗物资动态调度模型,并通过算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。结果显示,所构建的模型能够兼顾物资分配的公平和配送效率;运用紧迫度系数对需求满足率进行校正,解决了各需求点因需求差异对公平分配造成的影响;能够根据疫情的发展及医疗物资供给的实际情况,为决策者提供更为合理的调度方案,为城市抗疫物资的调度提供决策依据。

In view of the problems existing in the dispatch of emergency medical supplies in epidemic prevention and control,this paper considers the characteristics of the emergency epidemic,and takes the minimization of the negative number of the weighted sum of the demand satisfaction rate and the minimization of the delivery time as the objectives,constructs a dynamic dispatch model of urban emergency medical supplies considering the urgency of demand,and verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the model through an example.The results show that the model can give consideration to the fairness and efficiency of material distribution;The urgency coefficient is used to correct the demand satisfaction rate and solve the impact of demand differences on fair distribution at each demand point.According to the development of epidemic situation and the actual situation of medical supplies supply,it can provide more reasonable scheduling plan for decision makers and provide decision-making basis for the scheduling of urban anti-epidemic supplies.