激光陀螺仪光路形变对输入轴偏移的影响研究

Influence of Optical Path Deformation of Laser Gyroscope on Input Axis Offset

激光陀螺作为惯性导航系统的重要部件,其对角速度的输出精度对导航系统的定位定向精度起到决定性作用。当外部环境(如温度环境)发生改变时,激光陀螺的光路会发生一定的形变,这会导致激光陀螺的输入轴发生偏移,进而导致激光陀螺敏感载体的角速度不准确。对激光陀螺光路形变进行了一定的简化,并从理论计算和数值仿真两方面对光路形变引入的激光陀螺输入轴的偏移进行了计算分析。仿真结果表明,光路的形变与输入轴的偏移量呈正相关关系,当激光陀螺两平面镜上激光光斑各移动0.2 mm时,激光陀螺输入轴偏移角的余弦值为0.99996,即引入的角速度误差为0.004%。在理论分析的指导下设计了实验,试验结果表明,在温度环境发生较大变化时,部分激光陀螺的光路会发生形变,并导致激光陀螺输入轴发生偏移偏移角的余弦值约为0.999980,即引入的角速度误差为0.002%。为建立激光陀螺光路稳定模型提供一定的参考。

As the key component of inertial navigation system,the output accuracy of angular velocity of RLG plays a decisive role in the positioning and orientation accuracy of navigation system.When the external environment(such as temperature)changes,the optical path of the RLG will be deformed to a certain extent,which will lead to the offset of the input axis of the RLG,and then lead to the inaccurate angular velocity of the sensitive carrier of the RLG.In this paper,the optical path deformation and the input axis offset of RLG are calculated and analyzed from theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.The simulation results show that there is a positive correlation between the deformation of the optical path and the offset of the input axis.When the light spot on the on the two plane mirrors of the RLG moves by 0.2mm,the cosine value of the offset angle of the input axis of the RLG is about 0.99996,that is,the angular velocity error is about0.004%.Under the guidance of theoretical analysis,the experiment is designed.The experimental results show that when the temperature changes greatly,the optical path of some RLGs will deform and the input axis of laser gyroscope will shift.The cosine value of the shift angle is about 0.999980,that is,the angular velocity error is about 0.002%.This paper provides a reference for establishing the temperature compensation model of RLG.