冷原子干涉仪中的相干动量操控

Coherent Momentum Manipulation in Cold Atom Interferometry

原子物质波的干涉现象是原子物理和量子光学的一个重要分支,肇始于原子在晶体表面的衍射和原子钟中的分离场技术。由于极高的稳定性和准确性,原子干涉已成为一个成熟而强大的工具,在现代科学技术中特别是在惯性测量领域都有非常重要的应用。回顾了原子干涉仪中用到的相干动量操控技术,包括Raman双光子跃迁、Bragg衍射以及Bloch振荡等,并在此基础上进一步总结了大动量转移技术的实现方式,对比了不同方式的优缺点,重点介绍了各种方法的使用范围及最新研究进展。

The field of matterwave interferometry,which dates back to diffraction experiments of electron beams in early days of quantum mechanics and later the separated oscillation field technique in 1950s,has become one of the most promising branches in atomic physics and quantum optics.Due to its very high potential precisions,cold atom interferometry has found fruitful applications in many fields of science and technology,especially in inertial sensor development.We briefly introduce the basic method of coherent momentum manipulation including Raman two-photon transition,Bragg diffraction and Bloch oscillation.We summarize and compare methods of large momentum transfer in atom interferometry,with a highlight on their usefulness and the latest trend of research.