工业生产条件下烧结温度对粉末冶金Fe-Cu-C合金组织和性能的影响

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Structure and Properties of Powder Metallurgy Fe-Cu-C Alloy under Industrial Condition

在实际工业生产条件下采用粉末冶金技术制备Fe-Cu-C合金,研究了烧结温度(1060~1160℃)对其密度、显微组织、物相组成、力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着烧结温度的升高,合金的密度先增大后降低,并在1140℃时达到最大值(7.02 g·cm-3);随着烧结温度的升高,合金组织中颗粒的球化程度提高,孔隙的尺寸减小、数量降低,显微组织趋于稳定,铜相衍射峰消失,Fe4Cu3相衍射峰出现;合金的抗拉强度、硬度随烧结温度的变化趋势与密度的基本相同,且均在1140℃时达到最大值,分别为460 MPa,185 HRB,拉伸断口均主要呈脆性断裂特征;工业生产条件下制备的合金的力学性能指标基本与在实验室条件下制备的相吻合。

Fe-Cu-C alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy technology under practical industrial condition,and the effect of sintering temperature(1060-1160℃)on density,microstructure,phase composition and mechanical properties of the alloy was studied.The results show that with the increase of sintering temperature,the density of the alloy increased first and then decreased,and reached the maximum value of 7.02 g·cm-3 at 1140℃.With the increase of sintering temperature,the spherification degree of particles in structure of the alloy increased,and the mount and size of pores both decreased;the microstructure tended to be stable;the diffraction peak of copper phase disappeared,while the Fe4 Cu3 phase appeared.The tensile strength and hardness had the same trend with sintering temperature as that of density,and both reached the maximum values of 460 MPa and 185 HRB at 1140℃,respectively;all tensile fractures were mainly characterized by brittle fracture.The mechanical property indexes of the prepared alloy indexes industrial condition were almost the same with those under laboratory condition.