颈部肌群多角度抗阻训练联合颈椎牵引对颈椎病患者颈椎生理曲度及颈部肌肉表面肌电指标的影响

Effect of multi-angle resistance training combined with cervical traction on cervical physiological curvature and electromyography parameters of cervical muscle surface in patients with cervical spondylosis

目的探讨颈部肌群多角度抗阻训练联合颈椎牵引对颈椎病患者颈椎生理曲度、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评分、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、颈椎主动活动度、颈部肌肉表面肌电指标的影响。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月湖北省十堰市太和医院收治的130例颈椎病患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组与研究组,每组65例。对照组患者采用颈椎牵引进行治疗,研究组患者采用颈部肌群多角度抗阻训练联合颈椎牵引进行治疗。比较2组患者的临床疗效及治疗前后的颈椎生理曲度、NDI评分、VAS评分及颈部肌肉表面肌电指标。结果研究组患者的治疗总有效率为92.31%(60/65),高于对照组的80.00%(52/65),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.127,P=0.042)。治疗前,2组患者颈椎生理曲度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组患者颈椎生理曲度均大于治疗前,且研究组患者大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者的NDI及VAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组患者的NDI及VAS评分均低于治疗前,且研究组患者均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者的前屈、后伸、左右侧屈及左右侧旋转活动度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组患者的前屈、后伸、左右侧屈及左右侧旋转活动度均大于治疗前,且研究组患者均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者平均肌电振幅(AEMG)及中位频率(MF)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组患者AEMG均低于治疗前且研究组患者低于对照组,MF均高于治疗前且研究组患者高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论颈部肌群多角度抗阻训练联合颈椎牵引治疗颈椎病患者的效果确切,可有效减轻患者疼痛,改善患者颈椎生理曲度及颈部功能,值得在临床上推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of multi-angle resistance training combined with cervical traction on cervical physiological curvature,Neck Dysfunction Index(NDI)score,Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score,active range of motion of the cervical spine,and electromyography parameters of cervical muscle surface in patients with cervical spondylosis.Methods A total of 130 patients with cervical spondylosis admitted to Taihe Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were randomly allocated to the control group and study group,with 65 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received cervical traction,and the patients in the study group cervical muscle multi-angle resistance training combined with cervical traction.The clinical efficacy,cervical physiological curvature,NDI score,VAS score,and cervical muscle surface electromyography results before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The overall response rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group[92.31%(60/65)vs.80.00%(52/65),χ^(2)=4.127;P=0.042].Before treatment,the difference in the physiological curvature of the cervical vertebra between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05);after treatment,the physiological curvature of the cervical vertebra in the two groups was significantly increased,and the study group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,no significant difference was observed in NDI and VAS scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,NDI and VAS scores in the two groups were significantly reduced,and the study group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,no significant difference was detected in the range of motion of flexion,extension,flexion on both sides,and rotation on both sides between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,the range of motion of flexion,extension,flexion on both sides,and rotation on both sides in the two groups was significantly greater than that before treatment,and the study group was significantly greater than the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,no significant difference was found in electromyographic amplitude and median frequency between the two groups(P>0.05);after treatment,electromyographic amplitude in both groups was significantly reduced and the study group was significantly lower than the control group;median frequency was significantly increased and the study group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Multi-angle resistance training combined with cervical traction can effectively reduce the pain and potentiate the physiological curvature of cervical vertebra and neck function in the treatment of cervical spondylosis.These advantages hold promise for a wider clinical application.