四肢血管损伤的彩色多普勒超声声像图特征及诊断准确率探究

Study on the characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound in vascular injury of limbs

目的探究四肢血管损伤的彩色多普勒超声声像图特征及诊断准确率。方法以四肢血管损伤患者80例为对象,研究时间是2021年1月—2022年6月,均实施彩色多普勒超声诊断,以手术病理诊断结果为金标准,详细统计诊断准确率,分析影像学特点。结果80例患者中,均发生动脉损伤,12例管壁完全破裂,6例管壁部分破裂与动静脉瘘,8例管壁部分破裂与假性动脉瘤,16例完全动脉胁迫征,14例动脉内膜挫伤与血栓,7例动脉管壁部分断裂,17例部分动脉胁迫征。其中合并静脉损伤患者10例。彩色多普勒超声检出动脉损伤72例,诊断准确率90.00%;静脉损伤检出8例,检出率80.00%。彩色多普勒超声诊断动脉损伤检出率、静脉损伤检出率与手术病理诊断结果比较,差异P>0.05。若动脉损伤患者为血流中断型,远端动脉可见侧枝循环供血,特点包括低阻、双向、低速型动脉样频谱或小慢波型脉样频谱。结论四肢血管损伤患者可使用彩色多普勒超声诊断,具有较高诊断准确率,具有显著应用价值,广泛应用于临床。

Objective To explore the characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound in vascular injury of limbs.Methods 80 patients with vascular injury of limbs were studied from January 2021 to June 2022.All patients were diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound,and the results of surgical pathology were taken as the gold standard.The diagnostic accuracy rate was counted in detail,and the imaging features were analyzed.Results Among the 80 patients,all of them suffered from arterial injury,including 12 cases of complete wall rupture,6 cases of partial wall rupture and arteriovenous fistula,8 cases of partial wall rupture and pseudoaneurysm,16 cases of complete arterial stress,14 cases of arterial intimal contusion and thrombosis,7 cases of partial wall rupture and 17 cases of partial arterial stress.Among them,10 patients were complicated with venous injury.Color Doppler ultrasound detected 72 cases of arterial injury,and the diagnostic accuracy rate was 90.00%.Venous injuries were detected in 8 cases,with a detection rate of 80.00%.Compared with the diagnosis results of surgery and pathology,the detection rate of arterial injury and venous injury diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound is P>0.05.If the patient with arterial injury is of blood flow interruption type,collateral circulation can be seen in the distal artery,which is characterized by low resistance,two-way,low-speed artery-like spectrum or small slow-wave pulse-like spectrum.Conclusion Color Doppler can be used in patients with vascular injury of limbs.