加强支气管哮喘患者口腔、呼吸道护理对治疗效果的影响

Exploring the effectiveness of enhanced oral and respiratory care in patients with bronchial asthma

目的探讨加强支气管哮喘患者口腔、呼吸道护理对治疗效果的影响。方法本研究选取2018年4月—2019年4月沈阳市某医院收治的62例支气管哮喘患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分成对照组(n=31)和观察组(n=31)。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上加强口腔、呼吸道护理。比较2组患者入院及护理2周时用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC);比较2组患者护理2周时的治疗效果;比较2组患者出院时并发症发生率。结果护理2周时,观察组患者FVC、FEV1及FEV1/FVC水平分别为(2.99±0.55)L、(1.99±0.60)L及(69.27±10.33)%,均高于对照组的(2.26±0.60)L、(1.63±0.50)L及(62.38±10.28)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗有效率为100.00%,高于对照组的87.10%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症发生率为12.90%,低于对照组的38.71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强支气管哮喘患者的口腔、呼吸道护理,能有效改善患者肺功能各项指标,减少并发症的发生,提高治疗有效率,从而在一定程度上改善了患者的预后,提升了患者的生活质量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of enhanced oral and respiratory care in bronchial asthma patients.Methods Sixty-two patients with bronchial asthma admitted to a hospital in Shenyang from April 2018 to April2019 were selected for this study.The patients were divided into a control group(n=31)and an observation group(n=31)using a random number table.Patients in the control group received regular nursing care,and patients in the observation group received enhanced oral and respiratory care besides regular nursing care.At the time of admission to the hospital and 2 weeks of nursing care,the two groups of patients were compared in terms of forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),and the FEV1/FVC ratio;the treatment effect at 2 weeks of nursing care was compared between the two groups;the complication rate at the time of discharge was compared between the two groups.Results At 2 weeks of nursing care,the FVC,FEV1,and FEV1/FVC levels in the observation group were(2.99±0.55)L,(1.99±0.60)L,and(69.27±10.33)%,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group,which were(2.26±0.60)L,(1.63±0.50)L,and(62.38±10.28)%,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate of treatment was 100.00%in the observation group,which was higher than the 87.10%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The complication rate of patients in the observation group was12.90%,which was lower than that in the control group(38.71%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Enhanced oral and respiratory care for bronchial asthma patients can effectively improve patients’lung function indexes,reduce the occurrence of complications,and improve treatment efficiency,thus improving patients’prognosis and enhancing their quality of life to a certain extent.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.