食管癌同步放化疗中留置鼻胃管对患者营养状况及生活质量的影响

Effects of an indwelling nasogastric tube in concurrent chemoradiation for esophageal cancer on patients’ nutritional status and quality of life

目的探讨食管癌同步放化疗中留置鼻胃管对患者营养状况及生活质量的影响。方法选取河南省某医院2019年2月—2020年1月收治的98例食管癌患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组49例。2组患者均进行同步放化疗治疗,对照组患者给予肠外营养干预,研究组患者留置鼻胃管实施肠内营养干预。比较2组患者入院前及放化疗后营养状况、生活质量及不良反应发生情况。结果入院时,2组患者营养状况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);放化疗后,2组患者体质量指数、血红蛋白、白细胞计数、白蛋白及血小板水平均低于入院时,但研究组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入院时,2组患者癌症生命质量核心量表(EORTCQLQ-C30)中体力功能、角色功能、情感功能、认知功能及社会功能维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);放化疗后,对照组患者EORTCQLQ-C30中体力功能、角色功能、情感功能、认知功能及社会功能维度评分低于入院时,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);放化疗后,研究组患者EORTCQLQ-C30中体力功能、角色功能、情感功能、认知功能及社会功能维度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者急性放射线食管炎发生率为24.48%(12/49),低于对照组的57.15%(28/49),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论食管癌患者同步放化疗中留置鼻胃管,可有效改善患者机体营养状态并提高生活质量,减少放化疗后的不良反应,从而促进患者康复。

Objective To investigate the effects of an indwelling nasogastric tube on patients’nutritional status and quality of life during concurrent chemoradiation for esophageal cancer.Methods Ninety-eight esophageal cancer patients admitted to a hospital in Henan Province from February 2019 to January 2020 were selected for the study and divided into a control group and a study group using a random number table,with 49 cases in each group.Patients in both groups were treated with concurrent chemoradiation,and patients in the control group were given parenteral nutrition intervention,while patients in the study group were given an indwelling nasogastric tube to implement enteral nutrition intervention.The nutritional status,quality of life and the occurrence of adverse effects were compared between the two groups before admission and after treatment.Results At the time of admission,there was no statistically significant difference in nutritional status between the two groups(P>0.05);after chemoradiation,the body mass index,hemoglobin,white blood cell count,albumin and platelet levels of patients in both groups were lower than those at the time of admission,but they were higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).At the time of admission,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the scores in the dimensions of physical,role,emotional,cognitive,and social functions of the EORTC QLQ-C30(P>0.05);after chemoradiation,the scores in all these dimensions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 in the control group were lower than those at the time of admission,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);after chemoradiation,the scores in these dimensions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of acute radiation esophagitis was 24.48%(12/49)in the study group patients,which was lower than that of 57.15%(28/49)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion An indwelling nasogastric tube in concurrent chemoradiation for esophagealcancer patients can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients and improve their quality of life,reduce the adverse reactions after radiotherapy,and thus promote patients’recovery.