siRNA用于COVID-19治疗的可行性及相关药物的研发进展与挑战

Feasibility of siRNA for the Treatment of COVID-19 and Research and Development Progress and Challenges of Its Related Drugs

尽管新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19)临床治疗药物的筛选及严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)相关疫苗的研发已取得较大进展,但SARS-CoV-2特效药物的缺乏仍是时下COVID-19防治所面临的关键问题。RNA干扰被认为是哺乳动物体内独立于干扰素系统的抗病毒机制,目前已有多种抗病毒小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA, siRNA)药物的研发取得较大进展。本文就RNA干扰在哺乳动物免疫系统中的地位、目前用于COVID-19临床治疗药物及相关疫苗在疫情防治中存在的缺陷、siRNA药物在冠状病毒治疗中的研究进展及相关药物应用于临床潜在的挑战等多个方面进行综述,评价siRNA药物作为COVID-19临床治疗药物应用前景的同时,分析相关药物研发所面临的挑战。

Although great progress has been made in the screening of clinical therapeutic drugs for corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) and the research and development of vaccines related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2), the lack of specific drugs for SARS-CoV-2 is still the key problem facing the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. RNA interference is considered as an antiviral mechanism independent of interferon system in mammals. Currently, great progress has been made in the research and development of various antiviral small interfering RNA(siRNA) drugs. In this paper, the status of RNA interfe-rence in mammalian immune system, the defects of current clinical therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 and related vaccines in epidemic prevention and treatment, the research progress of siRNA drugs in coronavirus treatment and the potential challenges of clinical application of related drugs are reviewed. While evaluating the application prospect of siRNA drugs as COVID-19 clinical therapeutic drugs, the challenges faced by related drug research and development are analyzed.