基于病毒宏基因组纳帕海高原湿地病毒种群结构研究

Study on Virus Population Structure of Napahai Plateau Wetland Based on Virus Metagenome

病毒广泛分布于自然环境中,随着高通量测序技术的快速发展,对病毒遗传多样性研究也越来越多,但是高原湿地病毒研究相对较少。本文利用病毒宏基因组学方法开展纳帕海高原湿地病毒种群结构和遗传多样性的研究,发现纳帕海高原湿地中DNA病毒占99.4%,RNA病毒占0.6%;DNA病毒中噬菌体占47.95%。病毒科水平注释结果表明,长尾病毒科(Siphoviridae)、肌病毒科(Myoviridae)、类双生病毒科(Genomoviridae)、疱疹病毒科(Herpesviridae)、藻类DNA病毒科(Phycodnaviridae)和拟菌病毒科(Mimiviridae)等为优势病毒,这些病毒丰度与总氮、叶绿素a、锌等环境因子相关,优势病毒在地理位置上的分布具有显著差异。藻类病毒系统发育分析表明,纳帕海高原湿地中包含目前已知的6种藻类DNA病毒属。开展纳帕海高原湿地病毒种群丰度、基因组功能解析、分布差异和环境因子相关性研究,为了解纳帕海病毒种群结构特点,进一步阐明病毒在湿地生态系统中的功能提供科学依据。

Viruses are widely distributed in the natural environment.With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology,more and more studies on the viral genetic diversity have been reported,whereas relatively few on plateau wetland.Viral metagenomics were used to study the population structure and viral genetic diversity in Napahai plateau wetland.Viral sequences were obtained,of which DNA viruses accounted for 99.4%(phages accounting for 47.95%)and RNA viruses accounted for 0.6%.It showed that the dominant virus families were Siphoviridae,Myoviridae,Genomoviridae,Herpesviridae,Phycodnaviridae,and Mimiviridae.The dominant virus familys were related to environmental factors,such as total nitrogen,chlorophyll a and zinc,and was unevenly distributed geographically.Phylogenetic analysis of algae viruses showed that six known algae DNA viruses genera were found in Napahai plateau wetland.The study on virus population abundance,genome function analysis,distribution difference and correlation with environmental factors in Napahai plateau wetland would provide scientific basis for understanding the viral population structure and further clarifying the viral function in the wetland ecosystem.