橡胶树挥发性成分对橡胶材小蠹的行为影响

Effects of Volatile Components in Rubber Tree on Behavior of Xyleborus affinis

为探究橡胶树中存在的挥发性物质对橡胶材小蠹虫嗅觉行为活性的影响,筛选出适宜配制橡胶材小蠹的引诱剂。本研究通过固相微萃取样品预处理方法获得橡胶树中的挥发性化合物,进行气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)分析并鉴定出挥发性物质成分,从鉴定的物质中选出13种化合物,再使用"Y"型嗅觉仪对橡胶材小蠹的嗅觉行为进行试验。结果表明在1 mg/mL质量浓度下,P-伞花烃、长叶烯、十四烷、2-苯基-2-丙醇4种化合物对橡胶材小蠹虫均具有引诱作用;邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、棕榈酸甲酯、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚4种化合物对橡胶材小蠹虫均具有趋避作用;橡胶材小蠹对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、十一烷、苯乙酮、3-乙基苯甲醛和正十六烷5种化合物无明显趋性。另外,同种化合物在不同质量浓度下的引诱效果是不同的。橡胶树中存在的挥发性成分P-伞花烃、长叶烯、十四烷、2-苯基-2-丙醇对橡胶材小蠹都具有引诱作用,这几种化合物可以为研发小蠹引诱剂及综合防治提供参考和借鉴。

To investigate the effect of volatile substances in rubber tree on the Xyleborus affinis sensatory behavior,and screening of suitable pheromones against bark beetles.The solid phase micro-extraction method implied to get the rubber tree-extracts that was analyzed with GC-MS.The thirteen identified volatile compounds were selected to determine the sensory-responses of Xyleborus affinis through the"Y"olfactometer instrument.The results showed that under the 1 mg/mL concentration of compounds,p-cymene,longifolene,tetradecane,and 2-phenyl-2-propanol had significant attractive effects on Xyleborus affinis.The group of four compounds di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,diethyl phthalate,methyl palmitate,2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol had a repellent effect on Xyleborus affinis.The five compounds of dibutyl phthalate,undecane,acetophenone,3-ethylbenzaldehyde,n-hexadecane had no obvious tendency to Xyleborus affinis.In addition,the same compound at different mass concentrations respond differently.Overall,the volatile compounds such as p-cymene,Longifolene,tetradecane and 2-phenyl-2-propanol in rubber trees all have significant attractive effects on Xyleborus affinis which can open the way for further research and development of comprehensive control for bark beetles.