组合式水文模型建模方法综述

Overview of combined hydrological modeling methods

近年来,模型组合已成为环境管理中的普遍概念。组合式水文模型将传统水文模型拆分、封装为组件,并集成为更灵活的模型系统,为水资源管理决策提供水文、生态、经济等方面的信息支持。首先从传统水文模型的可靠性与固有性出发,分析更具异构性与可变性的灵活的组合式水文模型的优势。然后基于物理过程和基于功能两个角度,总结了将水文模型拆分为组件的方式和类型。接着结合软件工程领域的耦合概念,归纳分析组合式水文模型建模中建模方法、建模框架及接口标准3个方面的耦合方式。最后从应用层面,对组合式水文模型的思想进行归纳,并基于事理图谱构建技术,实现水文物理机制的梳理与表达。

In recent years,model combination has become a universal concept in environmental management.The combined hydrological model splits and encapsulates the traditional hydrological model into components and integrates them into a more flexible modeling framework to provide hydrological,ecological,and economic information support for water resource decision-making.The encapsulation and reorganization of hydrological model knowledge not only meets the needs of science,but also provides managers with a wider,more comprehensive and more flexible knowledge application technology.This paper first classifies the components that are separated and packaged by the traditional hydrological model as well as other system support components such as GIS.Then,the object-oriented modeling method,interface standard and modeling framework of the coupling level in the combined hydrological model modeling scheme are discussed.Finally,the prospect is based on the idea of hydrological model combination,combing the hydrophysical mechanism and constructing the hydrological event evolutionary graph.