受害者正义感与人际宽恕:社会价值取向的作用

Victim Justice Sensitivity and Interpersonal Forgiveness The Moderation Effect of Prosocial Value Orientation

正义感是人们面对不公时较低的认知阈限、强烈的情感反应以及重建正义的深思与动力,但基于受害者视角的正义感使个体难以忍受人际关系中的冒犯行为,甚至伤害他人、报复社会。因此,澄清受害者正义感的道德两面性及其背后的价值基础,具有重要的理论和现实意义。本研究考察受害者正义感与人际宽恕的关系,以及社会价值取向的调节效应。结果发现,受害者正义感显著负向预测人际冒犯情境下的善意倾向,正向预测疏远、报复倾向;当被试在决策中表现出亲社会(而非亲自我)取向时,上述受害者效应更大。本研究揭示了受害者正义感与人际宽恕的关系,以及基于受害者视角的亲社会价值取向的道德许可效应,这对我们理解受害者心态的危害及其心理机制具有重要启发。

It has been well established that individuals’justice sensitivity(JS)impacts interpersonal motivations,in which regarding oneself as victim would impede one’s tolerance toward transgression behaviors.However,it remains unclear how JS-victim influence individuals who hold different types of social value orientation in face of transgression.The present study examined the relationship between JS-victim and transgression-related interpersonal motivations,and the moderation effect of prosocial versus proself orientation.As expected,JS-victim revealed a positive prediction for retribution(e.g,revenge,avoidance)against transgression behaviors but negative prediction for benevolence.And surprisingly,the relationship between JS-victim and interpersonal motivations was significant more possibly among those holding prosocial(vs.proself)orientation.Taken together,the current study demonstrates the impact of victim sensitivity for interpersonal forgiveness and the moral-licensing effect of prosocial orientation,which should be seriously considered in understanding the toxic mechanism of victim sensitivity.