新鲜当归采后青霉病病原菌分离鉴定、生物学特性及毒素积累

Isolation and identification,biological characteristics and mycotoxin accumulation of blue mould pathogen in harvested Angelica sinensis

【目的】为探究新鲜当归采后储藏期间青霉病主要致病菌的种类、生物学特性及毒素积累情况。【方法】拟通过形态学和分子生物学技术对采后当归青霉病的病原菌进行鉴定,并对影响病原菌生长的温度、pH、光照、以及碳、氮源等因素进行分析,利用高效液相色谱法对青霉病当归中积累的毒素进行分析。【结果】引起新鲜当归采后储藏期间青霉病的主要致病菌为波兰青霉(Penicillium polonicum),该病原菌在65℃下15 min致死,在温度20~25℃、pH 7、麦芽糖为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源时菌丝生长最好,而在温度25℃、pH 7、蔗糖为碳源、酵母浸粉为氮源时产孢量最高。波兰青霉在侵染当归过程中会积累棒曲霉素(patulin,PAT),含量为6.166μg/g。【结论】研究为有效控制当归采后青霉病的发生及毒素积累提供理论依据。

【Objective】To explore the species,biological characteristics and mycotoxin accumulation of main pathogen causing blue mould of Angelica sinensis after harvest.【Method】Morphological and molecular biological technology were used to identify the pathogen,and the effects of temperature,pH,light,carbon and nitrogen sources on the growth and sporulation of the pathogen were investigated.The mycotoxin accumulation was detected by HPLC.【Result】The results showed that the main pathogen causing blue mould of Angelica sinensis during storage was Penicillium polonicum.The lethal temperature was 65℃for 10 min.The optimum conditions for mycelial growth were 20~25℃,pH 7,maltose and peptone.The optimum conditions for sporulation were 25℃,pH 7,sucrose and yeast extract.Patulin accumulated in blue molud of Angelica sinensis infected by P.Polandum with the content of 6.166μg/g.【Conclusion】The research results provided a theoretical basis for effectively controlling blue mould of Angelica sinensis and reducing mycotoxin accumulation.