基于氧化物固态电解质的高比能固态锂离子电池开发策略

Development strategy for high specific energy density solid lithium ion battery based on oxide solid electrolyte

为满足快速发展的新能源产业与便携设备对高能量密度与高安全性电源的需求,高比能固态锂离子电池的开发成为当下的研究热点。氧化物固态电解质因高离子电导率、宽电压窗口及良好稳定性等诸多优势,被认为是实现高比能锂离子电池制备的极具潜力的固态电解质之一。为进一步提升氧化物固态电解质基固态锂离子电池的能量密度,需减小氧化物固态电解质的厚度并开发高压高容量的正负极材料。本文阐述了薄型氧化物固态电解质面临的主要挑战,从真空薄膜加工技术、湿化学法合成技术及复合电解质策略三方面,总结了薄型氧化物电解质在制造技术层面的最新进展。在电极材料的层面,总结了高比能固态锂电池正负极活性材料的研究现状,并针对其面临的核心问题(高电压、大比容量及高脱锂/嵌锂电位的正负极材料的开发)综述了近年来的一些重要研究成果。最后,对上述研究成果中涉及的先进技术和改进策略进行了总结,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。

To meet the demand for high energy density and high safety in rapidly developing energy storage devices,the development of high specific energy density solid-state lithium-ion batteries has become a current research hotspot.Oxide solid-state electrolytes are considered one of the most promising solid-state electrolytes for the preparation of high specific energy lithium-ion batteries due to their high ion conductivity,wide voltage window,and great stability.To further enhance the energy density of oxide solid electrolyte based solid-state lithium-ion batteries,it is necessary to simultaneously reduce the thickness of oxide solid electrolyte and develop high-voltage and high-capacity cathode and anode materials.This article elaborates on the main challenges faced by thin oxide solid electrolytes and summarizes the latest progress in the manufacturing of thin oxide electrolytes from three aspects:vacuum thin film processing technology,wet chemical synthesis technology,and composite electrolyte strategy.In terms of electrode materials,this section provides a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape pertaining to high specific energy density solid-state lithium battery cathodes and anodes.It encapsulates important achievements in recent years,addressing the key challenges(the development of cathode and anode materials with high voltage,high specific capacity,and high lithiation/delithiation potential)confronted by these materials.Finally,this section summarised the advanced technologies and improvement strategies inherent in the aforementioned research outcomes,while also forecasting research directions for future investigations.