超导纳米线三端子器件研究和应用进展

Research and application progress of superconducting nanowire cryotrons

超导纳米线三端子器件采用特征尺寸为几纳米厚、百纳米左右宽的超导纳米线作为基础单元,结合几何结构设计和局域电热过程,触发超导相变,从而实现具备数字逻辑、脉冲放大、电流测量、存储等功能的器件和电路。本文从基本原理出发,介绍了三种超导纳米线三端子器件,概述了近几年该方向的研究和进展。最后从应用角度出发,简要讨论了超导纳米线三端子器件面临的一些挑战,为后续相关研究工作的开展提供思路。

The superconducting nanowire cryotron is composed of superconducting nanowires with characteristic sizes of several nm thick and 100 nm wide as the basic circuit cell.Utilizing the geometric design and localized electrothermal dynamics to switch a superconducting nanowire to normal state,such devices can work for digital logic,pulse amplification,current measurement,memory and so on.This paper introduces three kinds of superconducting nanowire cryotron devices,and summarizes the research and development progress of this field in recent years.Finally,from the perspective of applications,some challenges faced by superconducting nanowire cryotrons are briefly discussed,which provides suggestions for the following development.