亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶在冠心病中的研究进展

Advances in research of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in coronary heart disease

冠心病(CHD)是高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、环境、基因等多因素共同作用的结果。近年的研究发现血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)的升高使CHD的风险增高,Hcy是冠心病的独立危险因素。进一步的研究发现,参与编码Hcy代谢酶的基因突变可导致血浆同型半胱氨酸水平升高。其中亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)是Hcy代谢的关键酶之一。MTHFR基因的突变导致MTHFR活性下降,Hcy升高。因此,MTHFR基因突变被认为可能与冠心病的发生相关。笔者就亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶与冠心病的研究进展作一综述。

Coronary heart disease(CHD)is the result of multiple factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, environment, and genes. Recent studies have found that elevated plasma homocysteine(Hcy)increases the risk of CHD, an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Further studies have found that mutations in genes involved in enzymes encoding Hcy metabolism can result in elevated levels of plasma homocysteine. Among them, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)is one of the key enzymes of Hcy metabolism. Mutation of the MTHFR gene results in a decrease in MTHFR activity and an increase in Hcy. Therefore, MTHFR gene mutations are thought to be related to the occurrence of CHD. This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and coronary heart disease.