考虑节点风险的多式联运网络优化

Multimodal Transport Network Optimization Considering Node Risk

为了应对不确定风险环境对运输网络的影响,避免节点失效导致网络运输中断,提出了一种考虑节点风险的多式联运网络优化方法。基于复杂网络理论,考虑突发事件下节点失效对网络正常运行的影响,引入节点风险测度指标,将网络中任意两个节点间的风险定义为线路风险与两点距离的乘积;进而考虑系统运行效率及节点和通道运输能力限制等约束,构建了总运输成本最小和总运输风险最小的多OD多目标网络优化模型;然后针对多目标优化问题的复杂性,采用了一种基于准则空间的求解方法。最后以某多式联运网络配送业务为例进行分析,得出考虑成本和风险因素的多式联运路径优化方案。结果表明:多货运OD的运输网络中,网络整体最优方案对单条线路并不一定成立;与考虑运输成本的网络优化结果相比,考虑节点风险会影响多式联运的运输决策,优化结果改变了运输路径和运输方式,尽管运输成本也有明显增加,但网络总体运输风险得到控制。

To deal with the influence of uncertain risk environment on transport network,and avoid the interruption of network transport caused by node failure,the multimodal transport network optimization method considering node risk was proposed.Based on the complex network theory,considering the influence of node failure on normal operation of network under emergencies,the risk measurement indicator of node was introduced.The risk between any two nodes in network was defined as the product of link risk and the distance between two nodes.Furthermore,considering the constraints of system operation efficiency,and the transportation capacity of node and channel,the multi-OD multi-objective network optimization model with minimum total transportation cost and minimum total transportation risk was constructed.Aiming at the complexity of multi-objective optimization problem,the method based on criterion space was adopted.Finally,taking the distribution business of multimodal transport network for an example,the multimodal transport route optimization scheme considering cost and risk factors was obtained.The result indicates that in the multi-freight OD transportation network,the overall optimal scheme is not necessarily valid for a single route.Compared with the network optimization result considering transportation cost,considering node risk will affect the transportation decision of multimodal transport.The optimization results change the transportation path and mode,and the transportation cost also increases significantly,but the overall transportation risk of network is controlled.