基于区块链的MaaS数据共享技术体系研究

Technological System of MaaS Data Sharing Based on Blockchain

多种交通系统间的数据采集、整合和共享是出行即服务(MaaS)实现个性化、一体化出行服务的基础,但目前仍存在数据共享意愿弱、数据安全和数据壁垒等问题。本研究在分析MaaS数据共享问题基础上,阐述了区块链技术在MaaS数据共享中的优势,确定了基于联盟链MaaS数据共享的5个数据清单和6个共享步骤,建立了包含区块链标识、区块容量、时间差值、区块头和区块体的区块结构,设计了面向MaaS服务的链上、链下分层数据存储结构。最后,研究以城市级MaaS联程出行为应用案例,从应用层、合约层、网络层、共识层、数据层等5个层级搭建MaaS数据共享联盟链架构,确立面向旅客出行的MaaS数据共享业务流程,为利用区块链技术实现一体化智慧出行服务的数据共享提供技术基础。

The integration,collection,and sharing of data across diverse transportation systems serve as the fundamental basis for the delivery of personalized,efficient,and sustainable mobility-as-a-service(MaaS).Nevertheless,the persistent challenges arise in the process of data sharing among stakeholders in the MaaS ecosystem.These challenges include unwillingness to share data,concerns surrounding data security,and the presence of data silos.These issues were addressed by analyzing MaaS data sharing problems,and exploring how blockchain technology can provide technical advantages in MaaS data sharing.Specifically,the study determine 5 data lists and 6 sharing steps of MaaS data sharing based on the alliance chain sharing mode,and establishe a block structure covering blockchain identity,block capacity,time difference,block header,and block body.Then,the on-chain and off-chain hierarchical data storage structure for city-level MaaS services was designed.Finally,the paper studied the behavior application case of city-level MaaS,built the MaaS data sharing alliance chain architecture from 5 levels,including application layer,contract layer,network layer,consensus layer,and data layer.The MaaS data sharing business process for passenger travel was established.The study provides the technical basis for data sharing of integrated smart travel services by using blockchain technology.