千岛湖区公路路面径流水污染特性及对受纳水体的水质影响研究

Study on Pollution Characteristics of Highway Pavement Runoff in Qiandao Lake District and Its Influence on Water Quality of Receiving Water

针对千岛湖区的高速公路项目,通过人工控制降雨与自然降雨,在不同的降雨强度、降雨历时的条件下,运用实测分析法,检测路面径流污染物的含量。为研究SS含量变化规律,根据测得SS含量绘制曲线,拟合方程,分析降雨情况对路面径流的影响规律。研究确定高速公路初期雨水路面径流的时间尺度及需进行收集处理的空间尺度,以便掌握降雨条件与径流污染物的变化规律。同时对受纳水体污染物进行了含量测定。研究表明:道路径流降雨末期监测得到污染物浓度值较低,这是由于降雨末期路面上的污染物己大部分被初期降雨径流冲刷走。由于径流雨水污染物浓度受降雨时长及降雨强度的共同影响,因此,采用非线性指数面拟合方法拟合它们之间的关系。通过对不同排水设施出水径流的研究,得到径流控制措施对SS、COD、石油类物质的去除特征。

Aiming at the expressway project in Qiandao Lake area,through artificial control of rainfall and natural rainfall,under different rainfall intensities and rainfall durations,the content of road runoff pollutants is detected by actual measurement analysis method.To study the change rule of SS content,the curve is drawn and the equation is fitted based on the measured SS content,and the influence of rainfall on road runoff is analyzed.The time scale of the initial rainwater runoff on pavement of the expressway and the spatial scale that needs to be collected and processed are researched and determined,so as to grasp the change rule of rainfall conditions and runoff pollutants.At the same time,the content of pollutants in the receiving water is determined.The result shows that(1)due to most of the pollutants on the pavement at the end of rainfall have been washed away by initial rainfall runoff,the low pollutant concentration value is obtained from the monitored pavement runoff at that time;(2)since the concentration of runoff rainwater pollutants is affected by the length and intensity of rainfall,the relationship between them is fitted by using nonlinear exponential surface fitting method;(3)through the study of the effluent runoff of different drainage facilities,the characteristics of the removal of SS,COD and petroleum substances by the runoff control measures are obtained.