基于轨迹法的山药播种机送种机构优化设计

Optimum design of seed delivery mechanism of yam seeder based on trajectory method

针对我国山药种植机械化程度低,人工、半机械化种植成本高、效率低等问题,设计一种推送式山药段自动送种机构。该送种机构基于运动轨迹法进行执行部件的确定,用VB模拟送种爪运动轨迹确定四杆机构可以实现预想的轨迹并分析出变量对运动轨迹的影响;利用Newton-Raphson方法,进行位移分析,在VB进行可视化软件编写,找出满足运动轨迹的各杆长度的比例关系;在Auto CAD中确定优化四杆机构中L1~L6各杆长度为:22.1 mm、83.1 mm、75.9 mm、122.6 mm、86.2 mm、60 mm,并利用UG NX完成整机的建模,进行推送运动仿真。结果表明杆件尺寸参数设计合理,设计的四杆机构满足推送要求,为山药段自动排种装置的研制提供重要的参考价值。

To solve the problems of low mechanization level,high cost and low efficiency in manual and semi-mechanical planting of Chinese yam,a push-type automatic yam stem seed-feeding device was designed.This device decided the execution parts based on the motion trail method,and made sure the four-bar mechanism move in the expected path by simulating the motion trail of the seed feeding claw via VB,thereby analyzing the influence of variables on the motion trail.After displacement analysis using the Newton-Raphson method and visual software writing via VB,the length proportional relationship of the four-bar mechanism meeting the motion trail was determined.The length of bars(L1-L6)of the four-bar mechanism was optimized in Auto CAD and determined to be 22.1 mm,83.1 mm,75.9 mm,122.6 mm,86.2 mm and 76 mm,respectively.Then modeling of the device was completed using UG NX,and finally simulation of the push motion was performed.The result shows that the size parameter design of the bars is reasonable and the four-bar mechanism can meet the push requirement,and the push-type automatic yam stem seed-feeding device has a significant meaning for development of the automatic yam stem seeding device.