养老机构护理人员职业倦怠现状及相关因素分析

Survey on factors of nurses’ and caregivers’ job burnout in nursing homes

目的:调查养老机构护理人员职业倦怠现况,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法:采用方便抽样法选取某养老公司下属12家养老机构的护士39名、养老护理员140名作为调查对象,使用基本情况调查表(分为"护士版"和"护理员版")、中国职业倦怠量表作为研究工具进行调查分析。结果:养老机构护士与护理员比较,职业倦怠成就感降低维度得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),职业倦怠总检出率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);养老机构内"有无子女"因素对护士职业倦怠的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05),"年龄""婚姻状况""职业资格级别"因素对护理员职业倦怠的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:养老机构内护士、护理员的职业倦怠情况及相关因素具有差异性,须分别加强关注,尽早干预,减少职业倦怠的发生,改善老年护理服务质量。

Objective:To investigate the job burnout status of nurses and caregivers in nursing homes,and analyze the related factors of their burnout.Methods:Totally 39 nurses and 140 caregivers in 12 nursing homes of a company were selected using the convenient sampling method and investigated through questionnaires including the general information questionnaire with different versions for nurses and caregivers,and the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory(CMBI).Results:The scores of lack of accomplishment,a dimension of CMBI were statistically different between the nurse group and the caregiver group(P<0.05)as well as the detection rate of job burnout(P<0.05).Besides,scores of CMBI of nurses in nursing homes varied with having kids or not which showed statistical difference when analyzed(P<0.05).And the scores of CMBI of caregivers in nursing homes varied with different age,marital status and professional qualifications,which showed statistical difference when analyzed.Conclusion:Job burnout of nurses and caregivers in nursing homes are significantly different,so it is necessary to pay more attention to them respectively and intervene as early as possible to reduce the occurrence of job burnout and ensure the quality of elderly care.